TY  - CONF
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2435
AB  - Load carrying capacity of end-notched timber beams can be significantly decreased depending on the geometry of notches. Concentration of tensile stresses perpendicular to grain and shear stresses at the notch corner can cause crack opening. Since uncontrollable crack growth leads to premature failure of notched timber elements, reinforcement is advisable. This paper presents a finite element based numerical analysis of bending behaviour of endnotched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP (Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer) bars developed in commercial software
Abaqus. Cohesive Zone Modelling (CZM) is employed to simulate the crack growth phenomenon. Verification of the proposed model is done through comparison with experimental research. Fairly good agreement between numerical and experimental results proved that the developed model is successful in predicting the behaviour of reinforced notched timber beams. The presented model can be used for further parametric analyses and serve as a basis for investigation of other types and positions of reinforcement, while being a useful tool for development of appropriate analytical design methods for reinforced end-notched timber elements.
PB  - Centro UC de Innovacion en Madera
C3  - Proceedings of World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021
T1  - Numerical modelling of end-notched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP bars
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2435
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Todorović, Marija and Glišović, Ivan and Stevanović, Boško and Stevanović, Tijana",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Load carrying capacity of end-notched timber beams can be significantly decreased depending on the geometry of notches. Concentration of tensile stresses perpendicular to grain and shear stresses at the notch corner can cause crack opening. Since uncontrollable crack growth leads to premature failure of notched timber elements, reinforcement is advisable. This paper presents a finite element based numerical analysis of bending behaviour of endnotched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP (Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer) bars developed in commercial software
Abaqus. Cohesive Zone Modelling (CZM) is employed to simulate the crack growth phenomenon. Verification of the proposed model is done through comparison with experimental research. Fairly good agreement between numerical and experimental results proved that the developed model is successful in predicting the behaviour of reinforced notched timber beams. The presented model can be used for further parametric analyses and serve as a basis for investigation of other types and positions of reinforcement, while being a useful tool for development of appropriate analytical design methods for reinforced end-notched timber elements.",
publisher = "Centro UC de Innovacion en Madera",
journal = "Proceedings of World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021",
title = "Numerical modelling of end-notched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP bars",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2435"
}

Todorović, M., Glišović, I., Stevanović, B.,& Stevanović, T.. (2021). Numerical modelling of end-notched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP bars. in Proceedings of World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021
Centro UC de Innovacion en Madera..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2435

Todorović M, Glišović I, Stevanović B, Stevanović T. Numerical modelling of end-notched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP bars. in Proceedings of World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2435 .

Todorović, Marija, Glišović, Ivan, Stevanović, Boško, Stevanović, Tijana, "Numerical modelling of end-notched glulam beams reinforced with GFRP bars" in Proceedings of World Conference on Timber Engineering 2021 (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2435 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2124
AB  - Sustainable design, alongside environmental awareness, is increasingly becoming a requirement
for building construction. Since the construction industry represents one of the biggest sectorial
emitters of greenhouse gases, causing anthropogenic climate change, application of sustainable
and/or natural materials for buildings is advisable as a significant mitigation measure. In
comparison to traditional energy-intensive construction materials, such as steel and concrete,
wood-based materials consume less energy and emit fewer greenhouse gasses and pollutants
over their life cycle. Building with timber has multiple advantages when environment is
concerned: regionally available resource, renewability, smaller carbon footprint, lighter
structures, prefabrication, faster erection on site, recycling possibilities etc.
Considering the aforementioned, it is very important to spur innovation, research and
development of wood as a construction material. Increased interest in green buildings has
influenced an increase in use of wood materials and more developments in the wood products
sector. Major emerging products from the timber industries include GLULAM, NLT, DLT,
massive veneer panels and CLT, with CLT being the one studied the most. Introduction of
CLT, with its structural capability and improved properties, provided the necessary stiffness
and made it feasible to use wood in construction of mid-rise and tall buildings (>10 storeys),
industrial structures, and bridges.
Since the world’s population is increasing and urban areas are growing denser, there is a
constant need for high-rise buildings, and taking into account that environmental awareness
requires the use of eco-friendly materials, design and construction of high-rise wooden
buildings inevitably becomes a necessity for the modern age.
PB  - UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
C3  - Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference Civil Engineering Scienece & Practice - GNP2020
T1  - Building with wood in 21st century: Contemporary building wood products
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2124
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stevanović, Tijana and Todorović, Marija and Stevanović, Boško and Glišović, Ivan",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Sustainable design, alongside environmental awareness, is increasingly becoming a requirement
for building construction. Since the construction industry represents one of the biggest sectorial
emitters of greenhouse gases, causing anthropogenic climate change, application of sustainable
and/or natural materials for buildings is advisable as a significant mitigation measure. In
comparison to traditional energy-intensive construction materials, such as steel and concrete,
wood-based materials consume less energy and emit fewer greenhouse gasses and pollutants
over their life cycle. Building with timber has multiple advantages when environment is
concerned: regionally available resource, renewability, smaller carbon footprint, lighter
structures, prefabrication, faster erection on site, recycling possibilities etc.
Considering the aforementioned, it is very important to spur innovation, research and
development of wood as a construction material. Increased interest in green buildings has
influenced an increase in use of wood materials and more developments in the wood products
sector. Major emerging products from the timber industries include GLULAM, NLT, DLT,
massive veneer panels and CLT, with CLT being the one studied the most. Introduction of
CLT, with its structural capability and improved properties, provided the necessary stiffness
and made it feasible to use wood in construction of mid-rise and tall buildings (>10 storeys),
industrial structures, and bridges.
Since the world’s population is increasing and urban areas are growing denser, there is a
constant need for high-rise buildings, and taking into account that environmental awareness
requires the use of eco-friendly materials, design and construction of high-rise wooden
buildings inevitably becomes a necessity for the modern age.",
publisher = "UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING",
journal = "Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference Civil Engineering Scienece & Practice - GNP2020",
title = "Building with wood in 21st century: Contemporary building wood products",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2124"
}

Stevanović, T., Todorović, M., Stevanović, B.,& Glišović, I.. (2020). Building with wood in 21st century: Contemporary building wood products. in Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference Civil Engineering Scienece & Practice - GNP2020
UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2124

Stevanović T, Todorović M, Stevanović B, Glišović I. Building with wood in 21st century: Contemporary building wood products. in Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference Civil Engineering Scienece & Practice - GNP2020. 2020;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2124 .

Stevanović, Tijana, Todorović, Marija, Stevanović, Boško, Glišović, Ivan, "Building with wood in 21st century: Contemporary building wood products" in Proceedings of The Seventh International Conference Civil Engineering Scienece & Practice - GNP2020 (2020),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2124 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
PY  - 2019-09
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3164
AB  - In this paper damages and repair interventions of the indoor swimming pool structure in
Kruševac, Serbia are presented. The facility is composed of main part and annexes, built in
reinforced concrete and timber. The roof structure is made of glulam Gerber beams over two
spans 35 + 15 m, supported by interior timber columns. The annex load-carrying structure
consists of glulam beams, supported by reinforced concrete structure and timber columns.
The pool was built in 1982, and due to inadequate maintenance and exposure to adverse climatic
influences, significant damages to roof cladding, secondary structural elements and
main girders occurred. In the past, due to wood degradation and other damages, some repair
interventions were undertaken. These interventions did not have the expected positive outcomes
and resulted in closing of the pool for public.
The repair interventions included replacement of the entire roof cladding, replacement and
repair of damaged timber elements, repair and reinforcement of steel connection elements.
Firstly, structural rehabilitation was performed to reduce stresses and deformations in certain
parts of the structure. The glulam girders were supported by new steel columns, which
almost completely relieved the existing timber columns. In addition, new steel columns were
added to the annexes. Cracks in timber elements were injected with two-component epoxy resin
of appropriate viscosity and mechanical properties. The epoxy resin was also used as a filling
at the places where rot was removed within the beams and columns in the support zones.
Larger rot damages on the lateral sides of the beams were repaired by removing damaged
laminations, and then gluing new ones using resorcinol glue. All steel elements that had significant
corrosion were replaced, and others were cleaned of rust and re-protected.
As a conclusion, guidelines are given for monitoring and maintaining the facility during further
exploitation.
PB  - Universidade do Minho
C3  - Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Health Assessment of Timber Structures, SHATiS’2019
T1  - Repair of the indoor swimming pool timber structure
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3164
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Stevanović, Boško and Glišović, Ivan and Todorović, Marija and Stevanović, Tijana",
year = "2019-09",
abstract = "In this paper damages and repair interventions of the indoor swimming pool structure in
Kruševac, Serbia are presented. The facility is composed of main part and annexes, built in
reinforced concrete and timber. The roof structure is made of glulam Gerber beams over two
spans 35 + 15 m, supported by interior timber columns. The annex load-carrying structure
consists of glulam beams, supported by reinforced concrete structure and timber columns.
The pool was built in 1982, and due to inadequate maintenance and exposure to adverse climatic
influences, significant damages to roof cladding, secondary structural elements and
main girders occurred. In the past, due to wood degradation and other damages, some repair
interventions were undertaken. These interventions did not have the expected positive outcomes
and resulted in closing of the pool for public.
The repair interventions included replacement of the entire roof cladding, replacement and
repair of damaged timber elements, repair and reinforcement of steel connection elements.
Firstly, structural rehabilitation was performed to reduce stresses and deformations in certain
parts of the structure. The glulam girders were supported by new steel columns, which
almost completely relieved the existing timber columns. In addition, new steel columns were
added to the annexes. Cracks in timber elements were injected with two-component epoxy resin
of appropriate viscosity and mechanical properties. The epoxy resin was also used as a filling
at the places where rot was removed within the beams and columns in the support zones.
Larger rot damages on the lateral sides of the beams were repaired by removing damaged
laminations, and then gluing new ones using resorcinol glue. All steel elements that had significant
corrosion were replaced, and others were cleaned of rust and re-protected.
As a conclusion, guidelines are given for monitoring and maintaining the facility during further
exploitation.",
publisher = "Universidade do Minho",
journal = "Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Health Assessment of Timber Structures, SHATiS’2019",
title = "Repair of the indoor swimming pool timber structure",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3164"
}

Stevanović, B., Glišović, I., Todorović, M.,& Stevanović, T.. (2019-09). Repair of the indoor swimming pool timber structure. in Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Health Assessment of Timber Structures, SHATiS’2019
Universidade do Minho..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3164

Stevanović B, Glišović I, Todorović M, Stevanović T. Repair of the indoor swimming pool timber structure. in Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Health Assessment of Timber Structures, SHATiS’2019. 2019;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3164 .

Stevanović, Boško, Glišović, Ivan, Todorović, Marija, Stevanović, Tijana, "Repair of the indoor swimming pool timber structure" in Proceedings of the International Conference on Structural Health Assessment of Timber Structures, SHATiS’2019 (2019-09),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3164 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1621
PB  - Društvo građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, Beograd
C3  - ASES International congress proceedings / Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 15th Congress, September 6-8th, 2018, Zlatibor
T1  - End-notched glulam beams reinforced with screws
EP  - 572
SP  - 563
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1621
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Todorović, Marija and Stevanović, Boško and Glišović, Ivan and Stevanović, Tijana",
year = "2018",
publisher = "Društvo građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "ASES International congress proceedings / Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 15th Congress, September 6-8th, 2018, Zlatibor",
title = "End-notched glulam beams reinforced with screws",
pages = "572-563",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1621"
}

Todorović, M., Stevanović, B., Glišović, I.,& Stevanović, T.. (2018). End-notched glulam beams reinforced with screws. in ASES International congress proceedings / Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 15th Congress, September 6-8th, 2018, Zlatibor
Društvo građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, Beograd., 563-572.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1621

Todorović M, Stevanović B, Glišović I, Stevanović T. End-notched glulam beams reinforced with screws. in ASES International congress proceedings / Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 15th Congress, September 6-8th, 2018, Zlatibor. 2018;:563-572.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1621 .

Todorović, Marija, Stevanović, Boško, Glišović, Ivan, Stevanović, Tijana, "End-notched glulam beams reinforced with screws" in ASES International congress proceedings / Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 15th Congress, September 6-8th, 2018, Zlatibor (2018):563-572,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1621 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/916
AB  - Notches made at the ends of timber beams significantly decrease load carrying capacity of a structural member. This paper presents an experimental research on bending behaviour of end-notched glulam beams, with and without reinforcement. Screws for timber were used as reinforcement, positioned at angles of 90° and 45° to the longitudinal beam axis. The unreinforced beams failed due to crack opening and its propagation in a brittle manner. Cracks that appeared in the notch details resulted from combined excessive tensile stresses perpendicular to grain and shear stresses. This study shows that reinforcing the beams at the notched ends can improve their load carrying capacity and deformability. However, applied screws did not help the beams achieve ductile failure in bending. The shear failure was dominant failure mechanism for reinforced beams. In addition, analytical calculations were performed in accordance with Eurocode 5 so as to compare the results with experimental research.
AB  - Redukcija visine drvenih nosača kod oslonaca znatno umanjuje kapacitet nosivosti elementa. U ovom radu je predstavljeno eksperimentalno ispitivanje lepljenih lameliranih drvenih nosača sa redukovanom visinom preseka kod oslonaca opterećenih na savijanje, sa i bez ojačanja. Kao ojačanje upotrebljeni su zavrtnji za drvo, postavljeni pod uglomod 90° i 45° u odnosu na podužnu osu nosača. Neojačni nosači su doživeli krti lom usled otvaranja pukotine i njene propagacije. Ove pukotine su rezultat prekoračenja čvrstoće drveta na zatezanje upravno na vlakna i čvrstoće drveta na smicanje. Ispitivanje je pokazalo da se upotrebom zavrtanja može povećati kapacitet nosivosti i deformabilnosti posmatranih nosača. Međutim, primena zavrtanja kao ojačanja nije dovela do promene oblika loma iz krtog u duktilni lom usled savijanja. Lom usled smicanja je bio dominantan oblik loma kod ojačanih nosača. Takođe, analitički proračun je izvršen prema Evrokodu 5 kako bi se rezultati uporedili sa eksperimentalnim ispitivanjem.
PB  - Društvo za ispitivanje i istraživanje materijala i konstrukcija Srbije, Beograd
T2  - Građevinski materijali i konstrukcije
T1  - Experimental testing of reinforced end-notched glulam beams
T1  - Eksperimentalno ispitivanje ojačanih lepljeno lameliranih drvenih nosača sa redukovanom visinom preseka
EP  - 36
IS  - 4
SP  - 23
VL  - 61
DO  - 10.5937/GRMK1804023T
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Todorović, Marija and Stevanović, Boško and Glišović, Ivan and Stevanović, Tijana",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Notches made at the ends of timber beams significantly decrease load carrying capacity of a structural member. This paper presents an experimental research on bending behaviour of end-notched glulam beams, with and without reinforcement. Screws for timber were used as reinforcement, positioned at angles of 90° and 45° to the longitudinal beam axis. The unreinforced beams failed due to crack opening and its propagation in a brittle manner. Cracks that appeared in the notch details resulted from combined excessive tensile stresses perpendicular to grain and shear stresses. This study shows that reinforcing the beams at the notched ends can improve their load carrying capacity and deformability. However, applied screws did not help the beams achieve ductile failure in bending. The shear failure was dominant failure mechanism for reinforced beams. In addition, analytical calculations were performed in accordance with Eurocode 5 so as to compare the results with experimental research., Redukcija visine drvenih nosača kod oslonaca znatno umanjuje kapacitet nosivosti elementa. U ovom radu je predstavljeno eksperimentalno ispitivanje lepljenih lameliranih drvenih nosača sa redukovanom visinom preseka kod oslonaca opterećenih na savijanje, sa i bez ojačanja. Kao ojačanje upotrebljeni su zavrtnji za drvo, postavljeni pod uglomod 90° i 45° u odnosu na podužnu osu nosača. Neojačni nosači su doživeli krti lom usled otvaranja pukotine i njene propagacije. Ove pukotine su rezultat prekoračenja čvrstoće drveta na zatezanje upravno na vlakna i čvrstoće drveta na smicanje. Ispitivanje je pokazalo da se upotrebom zavrtanja može povećati kapacitet nosivosti i deformabilnosti posmatranih nosača. Međutim, primena zavrtanja kao ojačanja nije dovela do promene oblika loma iz krtog u duktilni lom usled savijanja. Lom usled smicanja je bio dominantan oblik loma kod ojačanih nosača. Takođe, analitički proračun je izvršen prema Evrokodu 5 kako bi se rezultati uporedili sa eksperimentalnim ispitivanjem.",
publisher = "Društvo za ispitivanje i istraživanje materijala i konstrukcija Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "Građevinski materijali i konstrukcije",
title = "Experimental testing of reinforced end-notched glulam beams, Eksperimentalno ispitivanje ojačanih lepljeno lameliranih drvenih nosača sa redukovanom visinom preseka",
pages = "36-23",
number = "4",
volume = "61",
doi = "10.5937/GRMK1804023T"
}

Todorović, M., Stevanović, B., Glišović, I.,& Stevanović, T.. (2018). Experimental testing of reinforced end-notched glulam beams. in Građevinski materijali i konstrukcije
Društvo za ispitivanje i istraživanje materijala i konstrukcija Srbije, Beograd., 61(4), 23-36.
https://doi.org/10.5937/GRMK1804023T

Todorović M, Stevanović B, Glišović I, Stevanović T. Experimental testing of reinforced end-notched glulam beams. in Građevinski materijali i konstrukcije. 2018;61(4):23-36.
doi:10.5937/GRMK1804023T .

Todorović, Marija, Stevanović, Boško, Glišović, Ivan, Stevanović, Tijana, "Experimental testing of reinforced end-notched glulam beams" in Građevinski materijali i konstrukcije, 61, no. 4 (2018):23-36,
https://doi.org/10.5937/GRMK1804023T . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Glišović, Ivan
AU  - Stevanović, Boško
AU  - Todorović, Marija
AU  - Stevanović, Tijana
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/794
AB  - An experimental program was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates as flexural reinforcement of glued laminated timber (glulam) beams. Beams with and without reinforcement were tested up to failure in a four-point bending configuration. A comparison between the flexural behaviuor of control unreinforced beams with reinforced beams is shown and discussed. The results demonstrated increase in strength, stiffness and ductility when CFRP plate is bonded at tension side of cross section. Research findings indicated that the use of proposed reinforcing solution improves utilization of the compression characteristics of timber. Based on the experimental observations, a theoretical model is developed to predict the ultimate moment capacity and bending stiffness of CFRP-reinforced glulam beams.
PB  - Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav
T2  - Wood Research
T1  - Glulam beams externally reinforced with cfrp plates
EP  - 154
IS  - 1
SP  - 141
VL  - 61
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_794
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Glišović, Ivan and Stevanović, Boško and Todorović, Marija and Stevanović, Tijana",
year = "2016",
abstract = "An experimental program was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates as flexural reinforcement of glued laminated timber (glulam) beams. Beams with and without reinforcement were tested up to failure in a four-point bending configuration. A comparison between the flexural behaviuor of control unreinforced beams with reinforced beams is shown and discussed. The results demonstrated increase in strength, stiffness and ductility when CFRP plate is bonded at tension side of cross section. Research findings indicated that the use of proposed reinforcing solution improves utilization of the compression characteristics of timber. Based on the experimental observations, a theoretical model is developed to predict the ultimate moment capacity and bending stiffness of CFRP-reinforced glulam beams.",
publisher = "Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav",
journal = "Wood Research",
title = "Glulam beams externally reinforced with cfrp plates",
pages = "154-141",
number = "1",
volume = "61",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_794"
}

Glišović, I., Stevanović, B., Todorović, M.,& Stevanović, T.. (2016). Glulam beams externally reinforced with cfrp plates. in Wood Research
Statny Drevarsky Vyskumny Ustav., 61(1), 141-154.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_794

Glišović I, Stevanović B, Todorović M, Stevanović T. Glulam beams externally reinforced with cfrp plates. in Wood Research. 2016;61(1):141-154.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_794 .

Glišović, Ivan, Stevanović, Boško, Todorović, Marija, Stevanović, Tijana, "Glulam beams externally reinforced with cfrp plates" in Wood Research, 61, no. 1 (2016):141-154,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_794 .