TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Forehand, Leslie
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Danilović, Dušan
AU  - Yeager, Travis
AU  - Chatterjee, Debanjana
AU  - Gasper, Jacob
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Martinenko, Anastasija
AU  - Mandal, Suvadip
AU  - Kerton, Charles
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3092
AB  - This paper presents an analytical model to analyze illumination of the church interior during the evening service. The focus is on the artificial light achieved using church lighting fixtures known as polycandela, which are suspended directly below the church dome. The analysis focuses on the main church (katholikon) at Studenica Monastery, built in Serbia sometime before 1208/9. By using a computer-generated model of the Studenica church derived from high-precision laser scanning and close-range photogrammetry rather than from more conventional architectural drawings of the church, we recreate the actual three-dimensional space of the church interior. Our model allows for a quantitative calculation and analysis of the amount of artificial light that could have been achieved inside medieval churches. We apply this model for the church at Studenica to better understand the lighting of medieval structures as well as more abstract and diagrammatic qualities of the sacred space of the church manifested by light conditions.
T2  - Virtual workshop - Artificial Light in Medieval Churches between Byzantium and the West
T1  - Modeling the illumination of the church at Studenica monastery during evening services
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3092
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bogdanović, Jelena and Forehand, Leslie and Dragović, Magdalena and Danilović, Dušan and Yeager, Travis and Chatterjee, Debanjana and Gasper, Jacob and Pejić, Marko and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Martinenko, Anastasija and Mandal, Suvadip and Kerton, Charles",
year = "2023",
abstract = "This paper presents an analytical model to analyze illumination of the church interior during the evening service. The focus is on the artificial light achieved using church lighting fixtures known as polycandela, which are suspended directly below the church dome. The analysis focuses on the main church (katholikon) at Studenica Monastery, built in Serbia sometime before 1208/9. By using a computer-generated model of the Studenica church derived from high-precision laser scanning and close-range photogrammetry rather than from more conventional architectural drawings of the church, we recreate the actual three-dimensional space of the church interior. Our model allows for a quantitative calculation and analysis of the amount of artificial light that could have been achieved inside medieval churches. We apply this model for the church at Studenica to better understand the lighting of medieval structures as well as more abstract and diagrammatic qualities of the sacred space of the church manifested by light conditions.",
journal = "Virtual workshop - Artificial Light in Medieval Churches between Byzantium and the West",
title = "Modeling the illumination of the church at Studenica monastery during evening services",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3092"
}

Bogdanović, J., Forehand, L., Dragović, M., Danilović, D., Yeager, T., Chatterjee, D., Gasper, J., Pejić, M., Čučaković, A., Martinenko, A., Mandal, S.,& Kerton, C.. (2023). Modeling the illumination of the church at Studenica monastery during evening services. in Virtual workshop - Artificial Light in Medieval Churches between Byzantium and the West.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3092

Bogdanović J, Forehand L, Dragović M, Danilović D, Yeager T, Chatterjee D, Gasper J, Pejić M, Čučaković A, Martinenko A, Mandal S, Kerton C. Modeling the illumination of the church at Studenica monastery during evening services. in Virtual workshop - Artificial Light in Medieval Churches between Byzantium and the West. 2023;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3092 .

Bogdanović, Jelena, Forehand, Leslie, Dragović, Magdalena, Danilović, Dušan, Yeager, Travis, Chatterjee, Debanjana, Gasper, Jacob, Pejić, Marko, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Martinenko, Anastasija, Mandal, Suvadip, Kerton, Charles, "Modeling the illumination of the church at Studenica monastery during evening services" in Virtual workshop - Artificial Light in Medieval Churches between Byzantium and the West (2023),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3092 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Isailović, Dušan
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2940
AB  - Studenica Monastery is the Serbian medieval monument of highest architectural and cultural value, also enlisted on the UNESCO World Heritage Site. This paper presents the role of architectural knowledge and sophisticated measuring tools and technologies supporting Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) as innovative, sustainable, and non-invasive method of historic conservation and maintenance of the katholikon (major church) of the Studenica Monastery. This pilot model has a potential to be used for other cultural heritage sites in the region, often in dire need for continual and proper maintenance.
PB  - University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture
C3  - Knjiga apstrakata : znanje, komunikacija, prezentacija : 50 godina /1972-2022/ Konvencije o zaštiti svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine = Book of abstracts : knowledge, kommunication, presentation : 50 years /1972–2022/ of the Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage / Međunarodna naučna konferencija Obrazovni programi - budućnost svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, 8-9. decembar 2022. = International scientific conference Educational programs – the future of world cultural and natural heritage, december 8-9, 2022
T1  - Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) of the Katholikon of the Studenica Monastery
T1  - Digitalno modelovanje objekata kulturnog nasleđa - HBIM na primeru manastira Studenice
EP  - 62
SP  - 60
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2940
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Bogdanović, Jelena and Isailović, Dušan",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Studenica Monastery is the Serbian medieval monument of highest architectural and cultural value, also enlisted on the UNESCO World Heritage Site. This paper presents the role of architectural knowledge and sophisticated measuring tools and technologies supporting Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) as innovative, sustainable, and non-invasive method of historic conservation and maintenance of the katholikon (major church) of the Studenica Monastery. This pilot model has a potential to be used for other cultural heritage sites in the region, often in dire need for continual and proper maintenance.",
publisher = "University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture",
journal = "Knjiga apstrakata : znanje, komunikacija, prezentacija : 50 godina /1972-2022/ Konvencije o zaštiti svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine = Book of abstracts : knowledge, kommunication, presentation : 50 years /1972–2022/ of the Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage / Međunarodna naučna konferencija Obrazovni programi - budućnost svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, 8-9. decembar 2022. = International scientific conference Educational programs – the future of world cultural and natural heritage, december 8-9, 2022",
title = "Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) of the Katholikon of the Studenica Monastery, Digitalno modelovanje objekata kulturnog nasleđa - HBIM na primeru manastira Studenice",
pages = "62-60",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2940"
}

Dragović, M., Bogdanović, J.,& Isailović, D.. (2022). Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) of the Katholikon of the Studenica Monastery. in Knjiga apstrakata : znanje, komunikacija, prezentacija : 50 godina /1972-2022/ Konvencije o zaštiti svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine = Book of abstracts : knowledge, kommunication, presentation : 50 years /1972–2022/ of the Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage / Međunarodna naučna konferencija Obrazovni programi - budućnost svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, 8-9. decembar 2022. = International scientific conference Educational programs – the future of world cultural and natural heritage, december 8-9, 2022
University of Belgrade - Faculty of Architecture., 60-62.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2940

Dragović M, Bogdanović J, Isailović D. Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) of the Katholikon of the Studenica Monastery. in Knjiga apstrakata : znanje, komunikacija, prezentacija : 50 godina /1972-2022/ Konvencije o zaštiti svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine = Book of abstracts : knowledge, kommunication, presentation : 50 years /1972–2022/ of the Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage / Međunarodna naučna konferencija Obrazovni programi - budućnost svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, 8-9. decembar 2022. = International scientific conference Educational programs – the future of world cultural and natural heritage, december 8-9, 2022. 2022;:60-62.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2940 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Bogdanović, Jelena, Isailović, Dušan, "Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) of the Katholikon of the Studenica Monastery" in Knjiga apstrakata : znanje, komunikacija, prezentacija : 50 godina /1972-2022/ Konvencije o zaštiti svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine = Book of abstracts : knowledge, kommunication, presentation : 50 years /1972–2022/ of the Convention on the protection of world cultural and natural heritage / Međunarodna naučna konferencija Obrazovni programi - budućnost svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, 8-9. decembar 2022. = International scientific conference Educational programs – the future of world cultural and natural heritage, december 8-9, 2022 (2022):60-62,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2940 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Savvides, Demetrius
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2926
AB  - This paper presents a combined application of the
two geometric concepts to analyze architectural layouts of selected medieval churches in the Balkans. One concept is a geometric construction, known as Štambuk’s canon, which is here
supplemented by triangulation. Its application has been already
atested to a wide range of late antique and medieval churches in the Balkans. The second concept is the Octagon model,
which is based on the recovered geometric drawings incised in
stone found at the Octagon monument, originally part of the
late Roman Galerius Palace in Thessaloniki. Both these concepts rely on geometric shapes and specifc type of grid, derived
from the combination of basic shapes of circles with triangles
and squares. In the frst approach, the two types of triangular
sequences, i.e. geometric paterns, are applied on the twelve
layouts of the churches. The analysis shows that these paterns
correspond with the four types of layouts, previously grouped
by Nenadović. In the second approach, based on computer
modeling and fting the four churches’ layouts into the complex Octagon model, the maximal deviation is +/−3 %. Although
these are two diverse starting setings for geometric analysis,
this study indicates a strong correlation between them. Namely,
Štambuk’s construction and Octagon model have been found
to have several elements in common, such as the center of the
apse, the edge of Štambuk’s holy triangle.
This investigation additionally points to the possibility that the
monuments from a wider Balkans region could have been designed by using similar basic geometric principles.
PB  - Универзитет уметности у Београду Факултет примењених уметности
PB  - Faculty of Applied Arts, Belgrade
C3  - Thematic proceedings Art and Science applied: Experience and Vision, 2022
T1  - The two geometric concepts applied on the architectural design of medieval churches in the Balkans
EP  - 392
SP  - 372
DO  - 10.18485/smartart.2022.2.ch20
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Savvides, Demetrius and Bogdanović, Jelena",
year = "2022",
abstract = "This paper presents a combined application of the
two geometric concepts to analyze architectural layouts of selected medieval churches in the Balkans. One concept is a geometric construction, known as Štambuk’s canon, which is here
supplemented by triangulation. Its application has been already
atested to a wide range of late antique and medieval churches in the Balkans. The second concept is the Octagon model,
which is based on the recovered geometric drawings incised in
stone found at the Octagon monument, originally part of the
late Roman Galerius Palace in Thessaloniki. Both these concepts rely on geometric shapes and specifc type of grid, derived
from the combination of basic shapes of circles with triangles
and squares. In the frst approach, the two types of triangular
sequences, i.e. geometric paterns, are applied on the twelve
layouts of the churches. The analysis shows that these paterns
correspond with the four types of layouts, previously grouped
by Nenadović. In the second approach, based on computer
modeling and fting the four churches’ layouts into the complex Octagon model, the maximal deviation is +/−3 %. Although
these are two diverse starting setings for geometric analysis,
this study indicates a strong correlation between them. Namely,
Štambuk’s construction and Octagon model have been found
to have several elements in common, such as the center of the
apse, the edge of Štambuk’s holy triangle.
This investigation additionally points to the possibility that the
monuments from a wider Balkans region could have been designed by using similar basic geometric principles.",
publisher = "Универзитет уметности у Београду Факултет примењених уметности, Faculty of Applied Arts, Belgrade",
journal = "Thematic proceedings Art and Science applied: Experience and Vision, 2022",
title = "The two geometric concepts applied on the architectural design of medieval churches in the Balkans",
pages = "392-372",
doi = "10.18485/smartart.2022.2.ch20"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Savvides, D.,& Bogdanović, J.. (2022). The two geometric concepts applied on the architectural design of medieval churches in the Balkans. in Thematic proceedings Art and Science applied: Experience and Vision, 2022
Универзитет уметности у Београду Факултет примењених уметности., 372-392.
https://doi.org/10.18485/smartart.2022.2.ch20

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Savvides D, Bogdanović J. The two geometric concepts applied on the architectural design of medieval churches in the Balkans. in Thematic proceedings Art and Science applied: Experience and Vision, 2022. 2022;:372-392.
doi:10.18485/smartart.2022.2.ch20 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Savvides, Demetrius, Bogdanović, Jelena, "The two geometric concepts applied on the architectural design of medieval churches in the Balkans" in Thematic proceedings Art and Science applied: Experience and Vision, 2022 (2022):372-392,
https://doi.org/10.18485/smartart.2022.2.ch20 . .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Yeager, Travis
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Forehand, Leslie
AU  - Danilović, Dušan
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Chatterjee, Debanjana
AU  - Gasper, Jacob
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Martinenko, Anastasija
AU  - Kerton, Charles
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2925
AB  - The Church of the Mother of God at Studenica Monastery in Serbia was estab-
lished by the medieval Serbian ruler and founder of his own dynasty, Stefan
Nemanja (r. 1169–1196).1 The church is finely proportioned. Sophisticated
treatment of wall surfaces additionally enriches the high-quality construc-
tion in stone (figure 10.1). Nicely carved architectural sculpture enlivens the
church exterior while extensive fresco decoration adorns the interior walls.
The building is a single-nave structure, with a dominant square-based domical
core and a tripartite sanctuary, typical for Byzantine-rite churches (figure 10.2).
Architecturally and structurally speaking, this design is essentially a condensed
form of a typical Middle Byzantine church, known as an atrophied Greek-cross
church.2 In such churches, as in Studenica church, the lateral arms of the cross
are reduced to narrow barrel vaults. Thus, these vaults effectively become mas-
sive arches that project from structural piers; the same piers that carry trans-
versal arches, which support the domical core of the structure.
PB  - BRILL
T2  - Natural Light in Medieval Churches
T1  - Modeling the Sunlight Illumination of the Church at Studenica Monastery
EP  - 277
SP  - 253
VL  - 88
DO  - 10.1163/9789004527980_012
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Yeager, Travis and Bogdanović, Jelena and Forehand, Leslie and Danilović, Dušan and Dragović, Magdalena and Chatterjee, Debanjana and Gasper, Jacob and Pejić, Marko and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Martinenko, Anastasija and Kerton, Charles",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The Church of the Mother of God at Studenica Monastery in Serbia was estab-
lished by the medieval Serbian ruler and founder of his own dynasty, Stefan
Nemanja (r. 1169–1196).1 The church is finely proportioned. Sophisticated
treatment of wall surfaces additionally enriches the high-quality construc-
tion in stone (figure 10.1). Nicely carved architectural sculpture enlivens the
church exterior while extensive fresco decoration adorns the interior walls.
The building is a single-nave structure, with a dominant square-based domical
core and a tripartite sanctuary, typical for Byzantine-rite churches (figure 10.2).
Architecturally and structurally speaking, this design is essentially a condensed
form of a typical Middle Byzantine church, known as an atrophied Greek-cross
church.2 In such churches, as in Studenica church, the lateral arms of the cross
are reduced to narrow barrel vaults. Thus, these vaults effectively become mas-
sive arches that project from structural piers; the same piers that carry trans-
versal arches, which support the domical core of the structure.",
publisher = "BRILL",
journal = "Natural Light in Medieval Churches",
booktitle = "Modeling the Sunlight Illumination of the Church at Studenica Monastery",
pages = "277-253",
volume = "88",
doi = "10.1163/9789004527980_012"
}

Yeager, T., Bogdanović, J., Forehand, L., Danilović, D., Dragović, M., Chatterjee, D., Gasper, J., Pejić, M., Čučaković, A., Martinenko, A.,& Kerton, C.. (2022). Modeling the Sunlight Illumination of the Church at Studenica Monastery. in Natural Light in Medieval Churches
BRILL., 88, 253-277.
https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004527980_012

Yeager T, Bogdanović J, Forehand L, Danilović D, Dragović M, Chatterjee D, Gasper J, Pejić M, Čučaković A, Martinenko A, Kerton C. Modeling the Sunlight Illumination of the Church at Studenica Monastery. in Natural Light in Medieval Churches. 2022;88:253-277.
doi:10.1163/9789004527980_012 .

Yeager, Travis, Bogdanović, Jelena, Forehand, Leslie, Danilović, Dušan, Dragović, Magdalena, Chatterjee, Debanjana, Gasper, Jacob, Pejić, Marko, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Martinenko, Anastasija, Kerton, Charles, "Modeling the Sunlight Illumination of the Church at Studenica Monastery" in Natural Light in Medieval Churches, 88 (2022):253-277,
https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004527980_012 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Savvides, Demetrius
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2516
AB  - This paper presents a combined application of the two geometric concepts to analyze architectural layouts of selected medieval churches in the Balkans. One concept is a geometric construction, known as Štambuk’s canon, which is here supplemented by triangulation. Its application has been already attested to a wide range of late antique and medieval churches in the Balkans. The second concept is the Octagon model, which is based on the recovered geometric drawings incised in stone found at the Octagon monument, originally part of the late antique Galerius Palace in Thessaloniki. Both these concepts relay on geometric shapes and specific type of grid, derived from the combination of basic shapes of circles withtrianglesand squares.In the first approach, the two types of triangular sequences, i.e. geometric patterns,are appliedon the twelve layouts of the churches. The analysis shows that these patterns correspond with the four types of layouts, previously grouped by Nenadović. In the second approach, based on computer modeling and the fitting the four churches’ layouts into the complex Octagon model, the maximal deviation is +/- 3%. Although these are two
diverse starting settings for geometric analysis, this study indicates a strong correlation between them. Namely several elements of Štambuk’s construction and Octagon model are found in common, such as center of the apse, edge of Štambuk’sholy triangle, etc.
This investigation additionally points tothe possibility that the monuments from a wider Balkans region could have been designed by usingthe similar basic geometric principles.
PB  - Faculty of Applied Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade, Serbia
C3  - https://smartart-conference.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Knjiga-apstrakta-Book-of-Abstract.pdf
T1  - The Two Geometric Concepts Applied on The Architectural Design of Medieval Churches in The Balkans
EP  - 57
SP  - 57
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2516
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Savvides, Demetrius and Bogdanović, Jelena",
year = "2021",
abstract = "This paper presents a combined application of the two geometric concepts to analyze architectural layouts of selected medieval churches in the Balkans. One concept is a geometric construction, known as Štambuk’s canon, which is here supplemented by triangulation. Its application has been already attested to a wide range of late antique and medieval churches in the Balkans. The second concept is the Octagon model, which is based on the recovered geometric drawings incised in stone found at the Octagon monument, originally part of the late antique Galerius Palace in Thessaloniki. Both these concepts relay on geometric shapes and specific type of grid, derived from the combination of basic shapes of circles withtrianglesand squares.In the first approach, the two types of triangular sequences, i.e. geometric patterns,are appliedon the twelve layouts of the churches. The analysis shows that these patterns correspond with the four types of layouts, previously grouped by Nenadović. In the second approach, based on computer modeling and the fitting the four churches’ layouts into the complex Octagon model, the maximal deviation is +/- 3%. Although these are two
diverse starting settings for geometric analysis, this study indicates a strong correlation between them. Namely several elements of Štambuk’s construction and Octagon model are found in common, such as center of the apse, edge of Štambuk’sholy triangle, etc.
This investigation additionally points tothe possibility that the monuments from a wider Balkans region could have been designed by usingthe similar basic geometric principles.",
publisher = "Faculty of Applied Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade, Serbia",
journal = "https://smartart-conference.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Knjiga-apstrakta-Book-of-Abstract.pdf",
title = "The Two Geometric Concepts Applied on The Architectural Design of Medieval Churches in The Balkans",
pages = "57-57",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2516"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Savvides, D.,& Bogdanović, J.. (2021). The Two Geometric Concepts Applied on The Architectural Design of Medieval Churches in The Balkans. in https://smartart-conference.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Knjiga-apstrakta-Book-of-Abstract.pdf
Faculty of Applied Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade, Serbia., 57-57.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2516

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Savvides D, Bogdanović J. The Two Geometric Concepts Applied on The Architectural Design of Medieval Churches in The Balkans. in https://smartart-conference.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Knjiga-apstrakta-Book-of-Abstract.pdf. 2021;:57-57.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2516 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Savvides, Demetrius, Bogdanović, Jelena, "The Two Geometric Concepts Applied on The Architectural Design of Medieval Churches in The Balkans" in https://smartart-conference.rs/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Knjiga-apstrakta-Book-of-Abstract.pdf (2021):57-57,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2516 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Forehand, Leslie
AU  - Danilović, Dušan
AU  - Kerton, Charles
AU  - Stević, Zoran
AU  - Yeager, Travis
AU  - Gasper, Jacob
AU  - Martinenko, Anastasija
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://mong2020masbg.wordpress.com/2020/09/06/the-exhibition/
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2261
AB  - This project reveals surveying data and architectural design of the major church in the Studenica monastery complex in Serbia reflected in a variety of 3D models and the analysis of the church interior and exterior. Architecture-driven computational parametric modeling was done by using two types of data: close range photogrammetry and high precision laser scanning. The modeling, based on geometric parameters and other planimetric and volumetric analysis, is devised
during the four-year study as part of the project Parametric Research of the Studenica Church, a UNESCO Heritage Site, as a Model for Advanced Studies of Medieval Architecture. These models allow for better understanding and representation of the proportional, aesthetic and illumination qualities of the Studenica church and for prototyping procedures for examining other medieval domed churches where we lack more detailed references about their architectural design.
PB  - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade
C3  - Dimensions reflected - catalog, Accompanying program of the 7th International scientific conference ’’moNGeometrija 2020’’
T1  - Parametric Modeling of the Church in the Studenica Monastery in Serbia
EP  - 16
IS  - Dimensions Reflected – Exhibition of ideas, designs and models
SP  - 16
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2261
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bogdanović, Jelena and Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Pejić, Marko and Forehand, Leslie and Danilović, Dušan and Kerton, Charles and Stević, Zoran and Yeager, Travis and Gasper, Jacob and Martinenko, Anastasija",
year = "2020",
abstract = "This project reveals surveying data and architectural design of the major church in the Studenica monastery complex in Serbia reflected in a variety of 3D models and the analysis of the church interior and exterior. Architecture-driven computational parametric modeling was done by using two types of data: close range photogrammetry and high precision laser scanning. The modeling, based on geometric parameters and other planimetric and volumetric analysis, is devised
during the four-year study as part of the project Parametric Research of the Studenica Church, a UNESCO Heritage Site, as a Model for Advanced Studies of Medieval Architecture. These models allow for better understanding and representation of the proportional, aesthetic and illumination qualities of the Studenica church and for prototyping procedures for examining other medieval domed churches where we lack more detailed references about their architectural design.",
publisher = "Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade",
journal = "Dimensions reflected - catalog, Accompanying program of the 7th International scientific conference ’’moNGeometrija 2020’’",
title = "Parametric Modeling of the Church in the Studenica Monastery in Serbia",
pages = "16-16",
number = "Dimensions Reflected – Exhibition of ideas, designs and models",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2261"
}

Bogdanović, J., Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Pejić, M., Forehand, L., Danilović, D., Kerton, C., Stević, Z., Yeager, T., Gasper, J.,& Martinenko, A.. (2020). Parametric Modeling of the Church in the Studenica Monastery in Serbia. in Dimensions reflected - catalog, Accompanying program of the 7th International scientific conference ’’moNGeometrija 2020’’
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade.(Dimensions Reflected – Exhibition of ideas, designs and models), 16-16.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2261

Bogdanović J, Dragović M, Čučaković A, Pejić M, Forehand L, Danilović D, Kerton C, Stević Z, Yeager T, Gasper J, Martinenko A. Parametric Modeling of the Church in the Studenica Monastery in Serbia. in Dimensions reflected - catalog, Accompanying program of the 7th International scientific conference ’’moNGeometrija 2020’’. 2020;(Dimensions Reflected – Exhibition of ideas, designs and models):16-16.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2261 .

Bogdanović, Jelena, Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Pejić, Marko, Forehand, Leslie, Danilović, Dušan, Kerton, Charles, Stević, Zoran, Yeager, Travis, Gasper, Jacob, Martinenko, Anastasija, "Parametric Modeling of the Church in the Studenica Monastery in Serbia" in Dimensions reflected - catalog, Accompanying program of the 7th International scientific conference ’’moNGeometrija 2020’’, no. Dimensions Reflected – Exhibition of ideas, designs and models (2020):16-16,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2261 .

TY  - GEN
AU  - Yeager, Travis
AU  - Danilovic, Dusan
AU  - Karton, Charles
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2493
AB  - The local path of the Sun influences the architecture of our buildings. We have developed a model to measure the amount of sunlight that will pass through the windows of the Studenica Monastery Church. This model is general enough that it may be applied to any building for which the position and area of the windows are known. Our model allows for a quantitative measure of amount of Sun light that reaches any chosen set of windows of the Studenica Monastery Church. This model of many steps toward answering the question of whether or not the Studenica monastery in Serbia was constructed in a way that uses Greco-Roman astronomical knowledge of solar position. We employ the use of the solar position function developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Mahooti (2020). The solar calculator gives the position of the Sun with an accuracy of ±0.0003° for years -2000 to 6000 AD. We also use a spherical atmospheric model which accounts for building elevation to calculate solar intensity loss due to the atmosphere. Average values are chosen for Earth albedo, atmospheric temperature, pressure and refraction. The change in a building’s internal illumination due to rotation is dependent on the distribution of windows and the orientation of the building with respect to the cardinal directions. Our model of Studenica indicates that a skew of approximately 5° results in significant increases and reductions in total internal illumination by up to ±10 − 20% in both the morning and the evening. By isolating various groupings of windows we are also able to understand how the macroscopic illumination of various parts of the monastery are illuminated by the Sun. All groupings of windows see significant changes in illumination over the course of the year, except for the Dome windows, whose illumination remains the most stable over the course of a year. The most light seems to enter through the lowest windows with less entering in the upper cubic pedestal and Dome. Some of the increases in solar illumination seems to occur in periods of the morning that would have been of liturgical importance and decreases of sunlight seem to occur around noon and in the afternoon. Though, there is no hard and fast rule for when increases and decreases in illumination occur. There is a complex interplay between the Monastery’s architecture and the amount of sunlight, leaving us with further work to analyze the effects of light within Studenica by ray tracing. Our results are consistent with those found by Jabi and Potamianos (2007). This work builds upon previous work by Dragovic et al. (2019a,b) who have analyzed the regular geometric shapes of Raška churches that underlie their proportional construction. Highlighted is the importance of similar geometric proportions and the use of roots, the gold ratio and numeric ratios in both the Studenica and Žiča monastery complex. This approach is general enough to be applied to any ˇ structure for which the window areas and positions are known
T2  - Virtual Workshop: Natural Light in Medieval Churches Between Bizantium and West
T1  - Modeling the interior sunlight effects of Studenica Monastery
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2493
ER  - 

@misc{
author = "Yeager, Travis and Danilovic, Dusan and Karton, Charles and Bogdanović, Jelena and Dragović, Magdalena",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The local path of the Sun influences the architecture of our buildings. We have developed a model to measure the amount of sunlight that will pass through the windows of the Studenica Monastery Church. This model is general enough that it may be applied to any building for which the position and area of the windows are known. Our model allows for a quantitative measure of amount of Sun light that reaches any chosen set of windows of the Studenica Monastery Church. This model of many steps toward answering the question of whether or not the Studenica monastery in Serbia was constructed in a way that uses Greco-Roman astronomical knowledge of solar position. We employ the use of the solar position function developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Mahooti (2020). The solar calculator gives the position of the Sun with an accuracy of ±0.0003° for years -2000 to 6000 AD. We also use a spherical atmospheric model which accounts for building elevation to calculate solar intensity loss due to the atmosphere. Average values are chosen for Earth albedo, atmospheric temperature, pressure and refraction. The change in a building’s internal illumination due to rotation is dependent on the distribution of windows and the orientation of the building with respect to the cardinal directions. Our model of Studenica indicates that a skew of approximately 5° results in significant increases and reductions in total internal illumination by up to ±10 − 20% in both the morning and the evening. By isolating various groupings of windows we are also able to understand how the macroscopic illumination of various parts of the monastery are illuminated by the Sun. All groupings of windows see significant changes in illumination over the course of the year, except for the Dome windows, whose illumination remains the most stable over the course of a year. The most light seems to enter through the lowest windows with less entering in the upper cubic pedestal and Dome. Some of the increases in solar illumination seems to occur in periods of the morning that would have been of liturgical importance and decreases of sunlight seem to occur around noon and in the afternoon. Though, there is no hard and fast rule for when increases and decreases in illumination occur. There is a complex interplay between the Monastery’s architecture and the amount of sunlight, leaving us with further work to analyze the effects of light within Studenica by ray tracing. Our results are consistent with those found by Jabi and Potamianos (2007). This work builds upon previous work by Dragovic et al. (2019a,b) who have analyzed the regular geometric shapes of Raška churches that underlie their proportional construction. Highlighted is the importance of similar geometric proportions and the use of roots, the gold ratio and numeric ratios in both the Studenica and Žiča monastery complex. This approach is general enough to be applied to any ˇ structure for which the window areas and positions are known",
journal = "Virtual Workshop: Natural Light in Medieval Churches Between Bizantium and West",
title = "Modeling the interior sunlight effects of Studenica Monastery",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2493"
}

Yeager, T., Danilovic, D., Karton, C., Bogdanović, J.,& Dragović, M.. (2020). Modeling the interior sunlight effects of Studenica Monastery. in Virtual Workshop: Natural Light in Medieval Churches Between Bizantium and West.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2493

Yeager T, Danilovic D, Karton C, Bogdanović J, Dragović M. Modeling the interior sunlight effects of Studenica Monastery. in Virtual Workshop: Natural Light in Medieval Churches Between Bizantium and West. 2020;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2493 .

Yeager, Travis, Danilovic, Dusan, Karton, Charles, Bogdanović, Jelena, Dragović, Magdalena, "Modeling the interior sunlight effects of Studenica Monastery" in Virtual Workshop: Natural Light in Medieval Churches Between Bizantium and West (2020),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2493 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Čičević, Svetlana
AU  - Trifunović, Aleksandar
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://2019.smartart-conference.rs/proceedings/
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2265
AB  - The use of proportions is one of the oldest theoretical issues in architecture. However, sometimes geometry, with its specific shapes and constraints
between them, can fully describe the logic of architectural design. This paper
presents geometric proportional schemas of the Serbian medieval church of the
monastery Ljubostinja (built around 1387), the representative of so-called Morava
architectural style.
The research is partly based on Ivo Štambuk’s proportional canon, which he applied on several churches, in wider Mediterranean region during prolonged period of time (4th to 15th c.). Štambuk’s proportional canon is based on two circles and one equilateral triangle constrained to each other and set relative to characteristic points of the church plan and cross-section, above all the location of the altar and the center of the church dome. By adding principles of triangulation and dynamic rectangles, this paper demonstrates more precise proportional model of the church plan and the cross-section through the dome. Results show that the proportions of the Ljubostinja’s church can be interpreted by dynamic rectangles (their diagonals are square roots of full numbers) with ratios 1:√2, 1:√3, 1:√5 and, in addition, by specific scheme of equilateral triangles which are constrained to the characteristic points of the church space: center point of the apse and the dome.
PB  - University of Arts in Belgrade Faculty of Applied Arts Kralja Petra 4, Belgrade,Serbia
C3  - PROCEEDINGS OF FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SMARTART – ART AND SCIENCE APPLIED From Inspiration to Interaction
T1  - Geometric proportional model of the church of the Ljubostinja monastery
EP  - 434
SP  - 423
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2265
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Bogdanović, Jelena and Čičević, Svetlana and Trifunović, Aleksandar",
year = "2020",
abstract = "The use of proportions is one of the oldest theoretical issues in architecture. However, sometimes geometry, with its specific shapes and constraints
between them, can fully describe the logic of architectural design. This paper
presents geometric proportional schemas of the Serbian medieval church of the
monastery Ljubostinja (built around 1387), the representative of so-called Morava
architectural style.
The research is partly based on Ivo Štambuk’s proportional canon, which he applied on several churches, in wider Mediterranean region during prolonged period of time (4th to 15th c.). Štambuk’s proportional canon is based on two circles and one equilateral triangle constrained to each other and set relative to characteristic points of the church plan and cross-section, above all the location of the altar and the center of the church dome. By adding principles of triangulation and dynamic rectangles, this paper demonstrates more precise proportional model of the church plan and the cross-section through the dome. Results show that the proportions of the Ljubostinja’s church can be interpreted by dynamic rectangles (their diagonals are square roots of full numbers) with ratios 1:√2, 1:√3, 1:√5 and, in addition, by specific scheme of equilateral triangles which are constrained to the characteristic points of the church space: center point of the apse and the dome.",
publisher = "University of Arts in Belgrade Faculty of Applied Arts Kralja Petra 4, Belgrade,Serbia",
journal = "PROCEEDINGS OF FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SMARTART – ART AND SCIENCE APPLIED From Inspiration to Interaction",
title = "Geometric proportional model of the church of the Ljubostinja monastery",
pages = "434-423",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2265"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Bogdanović, J., Čičević, S.,& Trifunović, A.. (2020). Geometric proportional model of the church of the Ljubostinja monastery. in PROCEEDINGS OF FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SMARTART – ART AND SCIENCE APPLIED From Inspiration to Interaction
University of Arts in Belgrade Faculty of Applied Arts Kralja Petra 4, Belgrade,Serbia., 423-434.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2265

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Bogdanović J, Čičević S, Trifunović A. Geometric proportional model of the church of the Ljubostinja monastery. in PROCEEDINGS OF FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SMARTART – ART AND SCIENCE APPLIED From Inspiration to Interaction. 2020;:423-434.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2265 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Bogdanović, Jelena, Čičević, Svetlana, Trifunović, Aleksandar, "Geometric proportional model of the church of the Ljubostinja monastery" in PROCEEDINGS OF FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SMARTART – ART AND SCIENCE APPLIED From Inspiration to Interaction (2020):423-434,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2265 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Čičević, Svetlana
AU  - Trifunović, Aleksandar
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2264
AB  - Пропорције архитектонских објеката се сматрају једним од најстаријих теоретских питања архитектуре, приближавајући се са једне стране математици, а са друге уметности-креативности у примени складних-хармоничних односа у њеној појавности. Рад
приказује пропорције једног од најистакнутијих објеката наше средњевековне сакралне културне баштине – цркве манастира Љубостиња (1387) код Трстеника.
Црква Љубостиње, чији је ктитор кнегиња Милица, у свом архитектонском програму садржи припрату, наос и олтарски простор, а зидана је по принципима Моравске
стилске групе, са карактеристичним обликом основе триконхосом, или „тролистом”.
У конструктивном смислу, над централним простором је главно кубе, које се ослања
на четири једнака лука, који носе крстообразно распоређене полукружне сводове, у
правцу апсиде и бочних певничких (полукружних) простора. Припрата, која је зидана
једновремено са осталим деловима цркве, је приближно квадратног облика, са слепом калотом изнутра, у то време значајног распона. Оваква архитектонско-грађевинска концепција, која је карактеристична за традиционалне светогорске цркве, у овом
раду налази своју геометријску интерпретацију пропорција.
Истраживање се једним делом ослања на пропорцијски канон (за пројектовање цркава) Ива Штамбука, који је аутор применио на црквама ширег просторног оквира Медитерана, у временском распону од IV до касног XV века, успостављајући пропорцијски
однос 1:√3 чврстим релацијама два карактеристична круга и једног једнакостраничног
троугла. У контексту примењеног канона, указује се на симболичко повезивање функционално значајних места на објекту (центра апсиде – у основи, тј. центра куполе – у
пресеку) са пратећом геометријском шемом. Иако је техника грађења у средњевековној Србији варирала у нивоу прецизности (ортогоналност зидова, симетрија и сл.), цртежи – пропорцијске анализе основе и пресека цркве манастира Љубостиња, уз мање
графичке грешке, указују на примену пропорција 1:1, 1:√2, 1:1.618 (златни пресек), 1:√3
и 1:√5, у дефинисању просторне целине и/или делова објекта. Интересантно је да се,
као и у претходним истраживањима аутора, у контексту Рашке стилске групе објеката,
црква може „премерити” једнакостраничним троугловима. Методом уписивања или
описивања динамичких правоугаоника (чије су дијагонале вредности квадратних корена целих бројева) у контуре објекта, успостављена је „скривена“ геометријска шема,
која детерминише грађевинско-архитектонску концепцију овог објекта. Истраживање
је показало да слични принципи пропорционисања постоје и код објеката са преморавским развијеним триконхосним планом (Св. Архангели у Кучевишту и Рђевац, код
Косовске Каменице), као и моравском Лазарицом (у Крушевцу).
Пропорцијске анализе основе и пресека цркве манастира Љубостиња, где се као
основне фигуре користе једнакостранични троугао, квадрат и круг, са једне стране, и
динамички правоугаоници, са друге, указују на то да су средњевековни мајстори Моравске стилске групе поседовали завидан степен геометријског знања и креативности
у пропорционисању сакралних објеката, чији је резултат хармоничан склад делова и
целине.
PB  - Факултет примењених уметности у Београду
C3  - КЊИГА АПСТРАКАТА ПРВА МЕЂУНАРОДНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЈА SMARTART УМЕТНОСТ И НАУКА У ПРИМЕНИ, Факултет примењених уметности у Београду
T1  - Геометријски пропорцијски модел цркве манастира Љубостиња
EP  - 92
SP  - 91
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2264
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Bogdanović, Jelena and Čičević, Svetlana and Trifunović, Aleksandar",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Пропорције архитектонских објеката се сматрају једним од најстаријих теоретских питања архитектуре, приближавајући се са једне стране математици, а са друге уметности-креативности у примени складних-хармоничних односа у њеној појавности. Рад
приказује пропорције једног од најистакнутијих објеката наше средњевековне сакралне културне баштине – цркве манастира Љубостиња (1387) код Трстеника.
Црква Љубостиње, чији је ктитор кнегиња Милица, у свом архитектонском програму садржи припрату, наос и олтарски простор, а зидана је по принципима Моравске
стилске групе, са карактеристичним обликом основе триконхосом, или „тролистом”.
У конструктивном смислу, над централним простором је главно кубе, које се ослања
на четири једнака лука, који носе крстообразно распоређене полукружне сводове, у
правцу апсиде и бочних певничких (полукружних) простора. Припрата, која је зидана
једновремено са осталим деловима цркве, је приближно квадратног облика, са слепом калотом изнутра, у то време значајног распона. Оваква архитектонско-грађевинска концепција, која је карактеристична за традиционалне светогорске цркве, у овом
раду налази своју геометријску интерпретацију пропорција.
Истраживање се једним делом ослања на пропорцијски канон (за пројектовање цркава) Ива Штамбука, који је аутор применио на црквама ширег просторног оквира Медитерана, у временском распону од IV до касног XV века, успостављајући пропорцијски
однос 1:√3 чврстим релацијама два карактеристична круга и једног једнакостраничног
троугла. У контексту примењеног канона, указује се на симболичко повезивање функционално значајних места на објекту (центра апсиде – у основи, тј. центра куполе – у
пресеку) са пратећом геометријском шемом. Иако је техника грађења у средњевековној Србији варирала у нивоу прецизности (ортогоналност зидова, симетрија и сл.), цртежи – пропорцијске анализе основе и пресека цркве манастира Љубостиња, уз мање
графичке грешке, указују на примену пропорција 1:1, 1:√2, 1:1.618 (златни пресек), 1:√3
и 1:√5, у дефинисању просторне целине и/или делова објекта. Интересантно је да се,
као и у претходним истраживањима аутора, у контексту Рашке стилске групе објеката,
црква може „премерити” једнакостраничним троугловима. Методом уписивања или
описивања динамичких правоугаоника (чије су дијагонале вредности квадратних корена целих бројева) у контуре објекта, успостављена је „скривена“ геометријска шема,
која детерминише грађевинско-архитектонску концепцију овог објекта. Истраживање
је показало да слични принципи пропорционисања постоје и код објеката са преморавским развијеним триконхосним планом (Св. Архангели у Кучевишту и Рђевац, код
Косовске Каменице), као и моравском Лазарицом (у Крушевцу).
Пропорцијске анализе основе и пресека цркве манастира Љубостиња, где се као
основне фигуре користе једнакостранични троугао, квадрат и круг, са једне стране, и
динамички правоугаоници, са друге, указују на то да су средњевековни мајстори Моравске стилске групе поседовали завидан степен геометријског знања и креативности
у пропорционисању сакралних објеката, чији је резултат хармоничан склад делова и
целине.",
publisher = "Факултет примењених уметности у Београду",
journal = "КЊИГА АПСТРАКАТА ПРВА МЕЂУНАРОДНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЈА SMARTART УМЕТНОСТ И НАУКА У ПРИМЕНИ, Факултет примењених уметности у Београду",
title = "Геометријски пропорцијски модел цркве манастира Љубостиња",
pages = "92-91",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2264"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Bogdanović, J., Čičević, S.,& Trifunović, A.. (2019). Геометријски пропорцијски модел цркве манастира Љубостиња. in КЊИГА АПСТРАКАТА ПРВА МЕЂУНАРОДНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЈА SMARTART УМЕТНОСТ И НАУКА У ПРИМЕНИ, Факултет примењених уметности у Београду
Факултет примењених уметности у Београду., 91-92.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2264

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Bogdanović J, Čičević S, Trifunović A. Геометријски пропорцијски модел цркве манастира Љубостиња. in КЊИГА АПСТРАКАТА ПРВА МЕЂУНАРОДНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЈА SMARTART УМЕТНОСТ И НАУКА У ПРИМЕНИ, Факултет примењених уметности у Београду. 2019;:91-92.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2264 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Bogdanović, Jelena, Čičević, Svetlana, Trifunović, Aleksandar, "Геометријски пропорцијски модел цркве манастира Љубостиња" in КЊИГА АПСТРАКАТА ПРВА МЕЂУНАРОДНА КОНФЕРЕНЦИЈА SMARTART УМЕТНОСТ И НАУКА У ПРИМЕНИ, Факултет примењених уметности у Београду (2019):91-92,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2264 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Čičević, Svetlana
AU  - Trifunović, Aleksandar V.
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/987
AB  - Serbian medieval architectural heritage is notable for its sacred architecture including numerous Christian Orthodox churches built at the territory of former Raška state during the period from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Built in the so-called Raška architectural style, characterized by overlapping features of Romanesque and Byzantine traditions, two monuments—the church of the Mother of God in Studenica monastery complex and the church of Holy Dormition in Žiča monastery complex, are exquisite sacred structures and cultural monuments of exceptional importance. They are also remarkable due to geometric-proportional regularities of their design. This paper highlights the importance of geometric concept in relation to proportional analysis of these two structures. Here presented study is conducted by two means: first one—by investigating geometric scheme with equilateral triangles, incorporated into the layout and cross section patterns of each church structure; the second one—by classical proportioning that includes proportional roots, golden section and numeric ratios.
PB  - Springer Verlag
C3  - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
T1  - Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two serbian medieval churches
EP  - 689
SP  - 677
VL  - 809
DO  - 10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Bogdanović, Jelena and Čičević, Svetlana and Trifunović, Aleksandar V.",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Serbian medieval architectural heritage is notable for its sacred architecture including numerous Christian Orthodox churches built at the territory of former Raška state during the period from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Built in the so-called Raška architectural style, characterized by overlapping features of Romanesque and Byzantine traditions, two monuments—the church of the Mother of God in Studenica monastery complex and the church of Holy Dormition in Žiča monastery complex, are exquisite sacred structures and cultural monuments of exceptional importance. They are also remarkable due to geometric-proportional regularities of their design. This paper highlights the importance of geometric concept in relation to proportional analysis of these two structures. Here presented study is conducted by two means: first one—by investigating geometric scheme with equilateral triangles, incorporated into the layout and cross section patterns of each church structure; the second one—by classical proportioning that includes proportional roots, golden section and numeric ratios.",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
journal = "Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing",
title = "Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two serbian medieval churches",
pages = "689-677",
volume = "809",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Bogdanović, J., Čičević, S.,& Trifunović, A. V.. (2019). Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two serbian medieval churches. in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Springer Verlag., 809, 677-689.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Bogdanović J, Čičević S, Trifunović AV. Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two serbian medieval churches. in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2019;809:677-689.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Bogdanović, Jelena, Čičević, Svetlana, Trifunović, Aleksandar V., "Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two serbian medieval churches" in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 809 (2019):677-689,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Srećković, Milesa
PY  - 2019
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1000
AB  - In this paper, an analysis of three Serbian medieval Raška churches highlights the significance of the interaction of regular geometric shapes in the composition of their underlying proportional scheme. The complex geometry recognised in the layouts and cross-sections of these monastery churches points to the potential use of a unique triangular proportioning system. This proportional system is derived from the initial geometry of Štambuk's proportional canon, which employs two circles constrained by an equilateral triangle in a specific setting. As the essence of religious medieval structures is often related to their interior, in this paper 3D empty space moulds are created by the parametric modelling of each element of the structure. This research shows how the variation of the two critical points of the church interior, the centres of the dome and of the main apse, along with the key triangles incorporated in the proportional scheme, affect the final 3D structural model.
PB  - Birkhauser Verlag AG
T2  - Nexus Network Journal
T1  - Geometric Proportional Schemas of Serbian Medieval Raška Churches Based on Stambuk's Proportional Canon
EP  - 58
IS  - 1
SP  - 33
VL  - 21
DO  - 10.1007/s00004-018-00426-z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Bogdanović, Jelena and Pejić, Marko and Srećković, Milesa",
year = "2019",
abstract = "In this paper, an analysis of three Serbian medieval Raška churches highlights the significance of the interaction of regular geometric shapes in the composition of their underlying proportional scheme. The complex geometry recognised in the layouts and cross-sections of these monastery churches points to the potential use of a unique triangular proportioning system. This proportional system is derived from the initial geometry of Štambuk's proportional canon, which employs two circles constrained by an equilateral triangle in a specific setting. As the essence of religious medieval structures is often related to their interior, in this paper 3D empty space moulds are created by the parametric modelling of each element of the structure. This research shows how the variation of the two critical points of the church interior, the centres of the dome and of the main apse, along with the key triangles incorporated in the proportional scheme, affect the final 3D structural model.",
publisher = "Birkhauser Verlag AG",
journal = "Nexus Network Journal",
title = "Geometric Proportional Schemas of Serbian Medieval Raška Churches Based on Stambuk's Proportional Canon",
pages = "58-33",
number = "1",
volume = "21",
doi = "10.1007/s00004-018-00426-z"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Bogdanović, J., Pejić, M.,& Srećković, M.. (2019). Geometric Proportional Schemas of Serbian Medieval Raška Churches Based on Stambuk's Proportional Canon. in Nexus Network Journal
Birkhauser Verlag AG., 21(1), 33-58.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-018-00426-z

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Bogdanović J, Pejić M, Srećković M. Geometric Proportional Schemas of Serbian Medieval Raška Churches Based on Stambuk's Proportional Canon. in Nexus Network Journal. 2019;21(1):33-58.
doi:10.1007/s00004-018-00426-z .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Bogdanović, Jelena, Pejić, Marko, Srećković, Milesa, "Geometric Proportional Schemas of Serbian Medieval Raška Churches Based on Stambuk's Proportional Canon" in Nexus Network Journal, 21, no. 1 (2019):33-58,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-018-00426-z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Bogdanović, Jelena
AU  - Čičević, Svetlana
AU  - Trifunović, Aleksandar
PY  - 2018
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1876
AB  - Serbian medieval architectural heritage is notable for its sacred architecture including numerous Christian Orthodox churches built at the territory of former Raška state during the period from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Builtin the so-called Raška architectural style, characterized by overlapping features of Romanesque and Byzantine traditions, two monuments - the church of the
Mother of God in Studenica monastery complex and the church of Holy Dormition in Žiča monastery complex, are exquisite sacred structures and cultural monuments of exceptional importance. They are also remarkable due to geometric-proportional regularities of their design. This paper highlights the importance of geometric concept in relation to proportional analysis of these two structures. Here presented study is conducted by two means: first one – by investigating
geometric scheme with equilateral triangles, incorporated into the layout and cross section patterns of each church structure; the second one – by classical proportioning that includes proportional roots, golden section and numeric ratios.
PB  - Springer Verlag
T2  - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
T1  - Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two Serbian medieval churches
EP  - 689
SP  - 677
VL  - 809
DO  - 10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Bogdanović, Jelena and Čičević, Svetlana and Trifunović, Aleksandar",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Serbian medieval architectural heritage is notable for its sacred architecture including numerous Christian Orthodox churches built at the territory of former Raška state during the period from the 12th to the 14th centuries. Builtin the so-called Raška architectural style, characterized by overlapping features of Romanesque and Byzantine traditions, two monuments - the church of the
Mother of God in Studenica monastery complex and the church of Holy Dormition in Žiča monastery complex, are exquisite sacred structures and cultural monuments of exceptional importance. They are also remarkable due to geometric-proportional regularities of their design. This paper highlights the importance of geometric concept in relation to proportional analysis of these two structures. Here presented study is conducted by two means: first one – by investigating
geometric scheme with equilateral triangles, incorporated into the layout and cross section patterns of each church structure; the second one – by classical proportioning that includes proportional roots, golden section and numeric ratios.",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
journal = "Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing",
title = "Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two Serbian medieval churches",
pages = "689-677",
volume = "809",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Bogdanović, J., Čičević, S.,& Trifunović, A.. (2018). Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two Serbian medieval churches. in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Springer Verlag., 809, 677-689.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Bogdanović J, Čičević S, Trifunović A. Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two Serbian medieval churches. in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2018;809:677-689.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Bogdanović, Jelena, Čičević, Svetlana, Trifunović, Aleksandar, "Triangular proportional scheme and concept of the two Serbian medieval churches" in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 809 (2018):677-689,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95588-9_56 . .