TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrović, Miloš
AU  - Mihailović, Pedja
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Petricević, Slobodan
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Radojević, Vesna
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/796
AB  - In this paper, the use of intrinsic intensity fiber-optic sensors for structural health monitoring was investigated. Polyethylene-based composite samples with glass mat reinforcement and embedded telecommunication fibers were subjected to impact using high-speed puncture impact tester as a calibration device. Transfer function of the sensor was generated by linking the light intensity modulation depth with the impact force and the impact point to fiber distance. Conditions for transfer function validity were presented. To detect any possible dangerous impact, a net of crossed fibers was proposed and the net spacing for the given material was calculated. Appropriate non-damaging calibration procedure was proposed, as well as the algorithm for locating the impact point. The method for calculating the impact force, the projectile momentum change, and the place of impact was verified by consecutive strikes on the previously calibrated sample. The sensor can also provide information on the time of the impact and an alarm signal if the force exceeds the damaging threshold force.
PB  - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2  - Ieee Sensors Journal
T1  - Intensity Fiber-Optic Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Calibrated by Impact Tester
EP  - 3053
IS  - 9
SP  - 3047
VL  - 16
DO  - 10.1109/JSEN.2016.2524045
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Petrović, Miloš and Mihailović, Pedja and Brajović, Ljiljana and Petricević, Slobodan and Živković, Irena and Kojović, Aleksandar and Radojević, Vesna",
year = "2016",
abstract = "In this paper, the use of intrinsic intensity fiber-optic sensors for structural health monitoring was investigated. Polyethylene-based composite samples with glass mat reinforcement and embedded telecommunication fibers were subjected to impact using high-speed puncture impact tester as a calibration device. Transfer function of the sensor was generated by linking the light intensity modulation depth with the impact force and the impact point to fiber distance. Conditions for transfer function validity were presented. To detect any possible dangerous impact, a net of crossed fibers was proposed and the net spacing for the given material was calculated. Appropriate non-damaging calibration procedure was proposed, as well as the algorithm for locating the impact point. The method for calculating the impact force, the projectile momentum change, and the place of impact was verified by consecutive strikes on the previously calibrated sample. The sensor can also provide information on the time of the impact and an alarm signal if the force exceeds the damaging threshold force.",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
journal = "Ieee Sensors Journal",
title = "Intensity Fiber-Optic Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Calibrated by Impact Tester",
pages = "3053-3047",
number = "9",
volume = "16",
doi = "10.1109/JSEN.2016.2524045"
}

Petrović, M., Mihailović, P., Brajović, L., Petricević, S., Živković, I., Kojović, A.,& Radojević, V.. (2016). Intensity Fiber-Optic Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Calibrated by Impact Tester. in Ieee Sensors Journal
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.., 16(9), 3047-3053.
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2016.2524045

Petrović M, Mihailović P, Brajović L, Petricević S, Živković I, Kojović A, Radojević V. Intensity Fiber-Optic Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Calibrated by Impact Tester. in Ieee Sensors Journal. 2016;16(9):3047-3053.
doi:10.1109/JSEN.2016.2524045 .

Petrović, Miloš, Mihailović, Pedja, Brajović, Ljiljana, Petricević, Slobodan, Živković, Irena, Kojović, Aleksandar, Radojević, Vesna, "Intensity Fiber-Optic Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring Calibrated by Impact Tester" in Ieee Sensors Journal, 16, no. 9 (2016):3047-3053,
https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2016.2524045 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Tomić, Miloš
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/127
AB  - This paper describes the procedure of embedding fiber optic sensors in laminar thermoplastic composite material, as well as damage investigation after ballistic loading. Thermoplastic-reinforced composite materials were made for increased material damage resistance during ballistic loading. Damage inside the composite material was detected by observing the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through the optical fibers. Experimental testing was carried out in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under various load conditions. Different types of Kevlar reinforced composite materials (thermoplastic, thermo reactive and thermoplastic with ceramic plate as the impact face) were made. Material damage resistance during ballistic loading was investigated and compared. Specimens were tested under multiple load conditions. The opto-electronic part of the measurement system consists of two light-emitting diodes as light sources for the optical fibers, and two photo detectors for the light intensity measurement. The output signal was acquired from photo detectors by means of a data acquisition board and personal computer. The measurements showed an intensity drop of the transmitted light signal as a result of the applied loading on composite structure for all the optical fibers. All the diagrams show similar behavior of the light signal intensity. In fact, all of them may be divided into three zones: the zone of penetration of the first composite layer, the bullet traveling zone through the composite material till its final stop, and the material relaxation zone. The attenuation of the light signal intensity during impact is caused by the influence of the applied dynamic stress on the embedded optical fibers. The applied stress caused micro bending of the optical fiber, changes in the shape of the cross-section and the unequal changes of the indices of refraction of the core and cladding due to the stress-optic effect. The main goal of the experiment was to develop a system for thermoplastic composite structure health monitoring during real life exploitation. The results of the experiments confirmed that optical fibers could be applied as intensity sensors in the real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials under ballistic loading. The light signal intensity drops in an optical fiber in response to the applied loading on the composite material.
AB  - Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje mogućnosti primene optičkih vlakana kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja balističkih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Ispitivane su strukture kompozita ojačane kontinualnim vlaknima. Nastanak oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja su registrovani padom inteziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna. Uzorci termoplastičnih i termoreaktivnih laminata istog ojačanja su nakon ugrađivanja optičkih vlakana izloženi balističkom udaru standardnim oružjem i municijom. Ispitivanja su potvrdila opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za uočavanje prisustva oštećenja laminata, u realnom vremenu.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Hemijska industrija
T1  - The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates
T1  - Upotreba optičkih vlakana za detekciju oštećenja kompozitnih laminata namenjenih za balističku zaštitu
EP  - 44
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 39
VL  - 60
DO  - 10.2298/HEMIND0602039Z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Irena and Kojović, Aleksandar and Tomić, Miloš and Brajović, Ljiljana and Aleksić, Radoslav",
year = "2006",
abstract = "This paper describes the procedure of embedding fiber optic sensors in laminar thermoplastic composite material, as well as damage investigation after ballistic loading. Thermoplastic-reinforced composite materials were made for increased material damage resistance during ballistic loading. Damage inside the composite material was detected by observing the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through the optical fibers. Experimental testing was carried out in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under various load conditions. Different types of Kevlar reinforced composite materials (thermoplastic, thermo reactive and thermoplastic with ceramic plate as the impact face) were made. Material damage resistance during ballistic loading was investigated and compared. Specimens were tested under multiple load conditions. The opto-electronic part of the measurement system consists of two light-emitting diodes as light sources for the optical fibers, and two photo detectors for the light intensity measurement. The output signal was acquired from photo detectors by means of a data acquisition board and personal computer. The measurements showed an intensity drop of the transmitted light signal as a result of the applied loading on composite structure for all the optical fibers. All the diagrams show similar behavior of the light signal intensity. In fact, all of them may be divided into three zones: the zone of penetration of the first composite layer, the bullet traveling zone through the composite material till its final stop, and the material relaxation zone. The attenuation of the light signal intensity during impact is caused by the influence of the applied dynamic stress on the embedded optical fibers. The applied stress caused micro bending of the optical fiber, changes in the shape of the cross-section and the unequal changes of the indices of refraction of the core and cladding due to the stress-optic effect. The main goal of the experiment was to develop a system for thermoplastic composite structure health monitoring during real life exploitation. The results of the experiments confirmed that optical fibers could be applied as intensity sensors in the real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials under ballistic loading. The light signal intensity drops in an optical fiber in response to the applied loading on the composite material., Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje mogućnosti primene optičkih vlakana kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja balističkih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Ispitivane su strukture kompozita ojačane kontinualnim vlaknima. Nastanak oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja su registrovani padom inteziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna. Uzorci termoplastičnih i termoreaktivnih laminata istog ojačanja su nakon ugrađivanja optičkih vlakana izloženi balističkom udaru standardnim oružjem i municijom. Ispitivanja su potvrdila opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za uočavanje prisustva oštećenja laminata, u realnom vremenu.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Hemijska industrija",
title = "The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates, Upotreba optičkih vlakana za detekciju oštećenja kompozitnih laminata namenjenih za balističku zaštitu",
pages = "44-39",
number = "1-2",
volume = "60",
doi = "10.2298/HEMIND0602039Z"
}

Živković, I., Kojović, A., Tomić, M., Brajović, L.,& Aleksić, R.. (2006). The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates. in Hemijska industrija
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 60(1-2), 39-44.
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND0602039Z

Živković I, Kojović A, Tomić M, Brajović L, Aleksić R. The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates. in Hemijska industrija. 2006;60(1-2):39-44.
doi:10.2298/HEMIND0602039Z .

Živković, Irena, Kojović, Aleksandar, Tomić, Miloš, Brajović, Ljiljana, Aleksić, Radoslav, "The usage of optical fibers for damage detection in ballistic protection composite laminates" in Hemijska industrija, 60, no. 1-2 (2006):39-44,
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND0602039Z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Mitraković, Dragan
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/128
AB  - This paper investigates the possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigating low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials, in real time. Impact toughness testing by a Charpy impact pendulum with different loads was conducted in order to determine the method for comparative measurement of the resulting damage in the material. For that purpose intensity-based optical fibers were built in to specimens of composite materials with Kevlar 129 (the DuPont registered trade-mark for poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric as reinforcement and thermoplastic PVB (poly(vinyl butyral)) as the matrix. In some specimens part of the layers of Kevlar was replaced with metal mesh (50% or 33% of the layers). Experimental testing was conducted in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under multiple low-energy impacts. Light from the light-emitting diode (LED) was launched to the embedded optical fiber and was propagated to the phototransistor-based photo detector. During each impact, the signal level, which is proportional to the light intensity in the optical fiber, drops and then slowly recovers. The obtained signals were analyzed to determine the appropriate method for real time damage monitoring. The major part of the damage occurs during impact. The damage reflects as a local, temporary release of strain in the optical fiber and an increase of the signal level. The obtained results show that intensity-based optical fibers could be used for measuring the damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials. The acquired optical fiber signals depend on the type of material, but the same set of rules (relatively different, depending on the type of material) could be specified. Using real time measurement of the signal during impact and appropriate analysis enables quantitative evaluation of the impact damage in the material. Existing methods in most cases use just the intensity of the signal before and after the impact, as the measure of damage. This method could be used to monitor the damage in real time, giving warnings before fatal damage occurs.
AB  - Ovaj rad istražuje mogućnost primene optičkih vlakana kao senzora za ispitivanje oštećenja laminarnih termoplastičnih kompozitnih materijala nastalih usled udara niske energije, u realnom vremenu. Ispitivanje materijala na otpornost pri udaru niske energije, različitih nivoa, je vršeno Šarpijevim klatnom radi pronalaženja metodologije za komparativna merenja rezultujućih oštećenja u materijalu. Iz tog razloga su u uzorke kompozitnih materijala sa ojačanjem u vidu kombinacije Kevlara 129 i metalne mrežice, ili Kevlara 129 i termoplastičnim poli(vinil butiralom) kao matricom, ugrađeni fiberoptički senzori intenzitetnog tipa. Dobijeni rezultati su potvrdili opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za detekciju oštećenja u laminarnim termoplastičnim kompozitnim materijalima u realnom vremenu.
PB  - Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd
T2  - Hemijska industrija
T1  - Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers
T1  - Detektovanje oštećenja u laminarnim termoplastičnim kompozitnim materijalima korišćenjem ugrađenih optičkih vlakana
EP  - 179
IS  - 7-8
SP  - 176
VL  - 60
DO  - 10.2298/HEMIND0608176K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kojović, Aleksandar and Živković, Irena and Brajović, Ljiljana and Mitraković, Dragan and Aleksić, Radoslav",
year = "2006",
abstract = "This paper investigates the possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigating low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials, in real time. Impact toughness testing by a Charpy impact pendulum with different loads was conducted in order to determine the method for comparative measurement of the resulting damage in the material. For that purpose intensity-based optical fibers were built in to specimens of composite materials with Kevlar 129 (the DuPont registered trade-mark for poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric as reinforcement and thermoplastic PVB (poly(vinyl butyral)) as the matrix. In some specimens part of the layers of Kevlar was replaced with metal mesh (50% or 33% of the layers). Experimental testing was conducted in order to observe and analyze the response of the material under multiple low-energy impacts. Light from the light-emitting diode (LED) was launched to the embedded optical fiber and was propagated to the phototransistor-based photo detector. During each impact, the signal level, which is proportional to the light intensity in the optical fiber, drops and then slowly recovers. The obtained signals were analyzed to determine the appropriate method for real time damage monitoring. The major part of the damage occurs during impact. The damage reflects as a local, temporary release of strain in the optical fiber and an increase of the signal level. The obtained results show that intensity-based optical fibers could be used for measuring the damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials. The acquired optical fiber signals depend on the type of material, but the same set of rules (relatively different, depending on the type of material) could be specified. Using real time measurement of the signal during impact and appropriate analysis enables quantitative evaluation of the impact damage in the material. Existing methods in most cases use just the intensity of the signal before and after the impact, as the measure of damage. This method could be used to monitor the damage in real time, giving warnings before fatal damage occurs., Ovaj rad istražuje mogućnost primene optičkih vlakana kao senzora za ispitivanje oštećenja laminarnih termoplastičnih kompozitnih materijala nastalih usled udara niske energije, u realnom vremenu. Ispitivanje materijala na otpornost pri udaru niske energije, različitih nivoa, je vršeno Šarpijevim klatnom radi pronalaženja metodologije za komparativna merenja rezultujućih oštećenja u materijalu. Iz tog razloga su u uzorke kompozitnih materijala sa ojačanjem u vidu kombinacije Kevlara 129 i metalne mrežice, ili Kevlara 129 i termoplastičnim poli(vinil butiralom) kao matricom, ugrađeni fiberoptički senzori intenzitetnog tipa. Dobijeni rezultati su potvrdili opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za detekciju oštećenja u laminarnim termoplastičnim kompozitnim materijalima u realnom vremenu.",
publisher = "Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd",
journal = "Hemijska industrija",
title = "Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers, Detektovanje oštećenja u laminarnim termoplastičnim kompozitnim materijalima korišćenjem ugrađenih optičkih vlakana",
pages = "179-176",
number = "7-8",
volume = "60",
doi = "10.2298/HEMIND0608176K"
}

Kojović, A., Živković, I., Brajović, L., Mitraković, D.,& Aleksić, R.. (2006). Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers. in Hemijska industrija
Savez hemijskih inženjera, Beograd., 60(7-8), 176-179.
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND0608176K

Kojović A, Živković I, Brajović L, Mitraković D, Aleksić R. Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers. in Hemijska industrija. 2006;60(7-8):176-179.
doi:10.2298/HEMIND0608176K .

Kojović, Aleksandar, Živković, Irena, Brajović, Ljiljana, Mitraković, Dragan, Aleksić, Radoslav, "Damage detection in laminar thermoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers" in Hemijska industrija, 60, no. 7-8 (2006):176-179,
https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND0608176K . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Mitraković, Dragan
AU  - Aleksić, R.
PY  - 2006
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/115
PB  - Kluwer Academic Publishers
C3  - Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere
T1  - Laminar composite materials damage monitoring by embedded optical fibers
EP  - 1036
SP  - 1035
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_115
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kojović, Aleksandar and Živković, Irena and Brajović, Ljiljana and Mitraković, Dragan and Aleksić, R.",
year = "2006",
publisher = "Kluwer Academic Publishers",
journal = "Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere",
title = "Laminar composite materials damage monitoring by embedded optical fibers",
pages = "1036-1035",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_115"
}

Kojović, A., Živković, I., Brajović, L., Mitraković, D.,& Aleksić, R.. (2006). Laminar composite materials damage monitoring by embedded optical fibers. in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere
Kluwer Academic Publishers., 1035-1036.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_115

Kojović A, Živković I, Brajović L, Mitraković D, Aleksić R. Laminar composite materials damage monitoring by embedded optical fibers. in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere. 2006;:1035-1036.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_115 .

Kojović, Aleksandar, Živković, Irena, Brajović, Ljiljana, Mitraković, Dragan, Aleksić, R., "Laminar composite materials damage monitoring by embedded optical fibers" in Fracture of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures - Proceedings of the 16th European Confere (2006):1035-1036,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_115 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Mitraković, Dragan
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
PY  - 2005
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/95
AB  - The possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigation of real time low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials has been studied. For that purpose intensity based optical fibers were embedded in composite material specimens. Kevlar 129 (DuPont's registered trade-mark for poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric was used as reinforcement. Impact toughness testing by the Charpy impact pendulum was conducted in order to investigate low energy impacts. Transient intensity of optical signal during the impact, were compared with material crack initiation energy and crack propagation energy. Following this approach, development of damage in material was monitored. Obtained results show that intensity based optical fibers could be used as detectors for material damage appearance, and also, for level evaluation of its degradation caused by low energy impacts.
T2  - Materials Science Forum
T1  - Low energy impact damage detection in laminar termoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers
EP  - 486
SP  - 481
VL  - 494
DO  - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.494.481
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kojović, Aleksandar and Živković, Irena and Brajović, Ljiljana and Mitraković, Dragan and Aleksić, Radoslav",
year = "2005",
abstract = "The possibility of applying optical fibers as sensors for investigation of real time low energy impact damage in laminar thermoplastic composite materials has been studied. For that purpose intensity based optical fibers were embedded in composite material specimens. Kevlar 129 (DuPont's registered trade-mark for poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide)) woven fabric was used as reinforcement. Impact toughness testing by the Charpy impact pendulum was conducted in order to investigate low energy impacts. Transient intensity of optical signal during the impact, were compared with material crack initiation energy and crack propagation energy. Following this approach, development of damage in material was monitored. Obtained results show that intensity based optical fibers could be used as detectors for material damage appearance, and also, for level evaluation of its degradation caused by low energy impacts.",
journal = "Materials Science Forum",
title = "Low energy impact damage detection in laminar termoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers",
pages = "486-481",
volume = "494",
doi = "10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.494.481"
}

Kojović, A., Živković, I., Brajović, L., Mitraković, D.,& Aleksić, R.. (2005). Low energy impact damage detection in laminar termoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers. in Materials Science Forum, 494, 481-486.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.494.481

Kojović A, Živković I, Brajović L, Mitraković D, Aleksić R. Low energy impact damage detection in laminar termoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers. in Materials Science Forum. 2005;494:481-486.
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.494.481 .

Kojović, Aleksandar, Živković, Irena, Brajović, Ljiljana, Mitraković, Dragan, Aleksić, Radoslav, "Low energy impact damage detection in laminar termoplastic composite materials by means of embedded optical fibers" in Materials Science Forum, 494 (2005):481-486,
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.494.481 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Uskoković, Petar S.
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
AU  - Mitraković, Dragan
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Tomić, Miloš
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Milinković, Stevan
PY  - 2005
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/84
AB  - The paper deals with the research in applying optical fibres (OF) as intensity-based sensors in real-time damage detection of laminar composite materials. For experimental purposes, thermoplastic laminar composite materials with embedded optical fibres were made. Manufactured specimens of aramid fiber/poly(vinyl butyral) with embedded optical fibres were subjected to various loads: static loading by indentation on the adapted tensile testing machine, low blow on Charpy pendulum, and ballistic impact by standard weaponry and ammunition. Initiation of damage and fracture during laminate testing was observed from the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through the optical fibre. Experimental results confirmed that optical fibres could be applied as intensity sensors in real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials.
AB  - Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje primene optičkih vlakana (OV) kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja laminarnih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Za eksperimentalne potrebe su izraženi termoplastični laminarni kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Izračeni uzorci aramidno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral) sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima izlagani su različitim vrstama opterećenja: statikom opterećenju utiskivanjem na adaptiranoj kidalici, udarima niske energije Šarpijevim klatnom i balistikim udarima standardnim oružjem i municijom. Inicijacija oštećenja i loma laminata tokom ispitivanja su detektovani praćenjem pada intenziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optika vlakna. Rezultati eksperimenta su potvrdili da se optička vlakna mogu koristiti u toku rada (u realnom vremenu) kao intenzitetni senzori za detekciju strukturnih promena u laminarnim kompozitnim materijalima.
PB  - Institut za ispitivanje materijala, Beograd
T2  - Integritet i vek konstrukcija
T1  - Damage monitoring of composite laminates by means of intensity based fiberoptic sensors
T1  - Praćenje oštećenja kompozitnih laminata pomoću fiberoptičkih senzora intenzitetnog tipa
EP  - 30
IS  - 1
SP  - 19
VL  - 5
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_84
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kojović, Aleksandar and Uskoković, Petar S. and Aleksić, Radoslav and Mitraković, Dragan and Živković, Irena and Tomić, Miloš and Brajović, Ljiljana and Milinković, Stevan",
year = "2005",
abstract = "The paper deals with the research in applying optical fibres (OF) as intensity-based sensors in real-time damage detection of laminar composite materials. For experimental purposes, thermoplastic laminar composite materials with embedded optical fibres were made. Manufactured specimens of aramid fiber/poly(vinyl butyral) with embedded optical fibres were subjected to various loads: static loading by indentation on the adapted tensile testing machine, low blow on Charpy pendulum, and ballistic impact by standard weaponry and ammunition. Initiation of damage and fracture during laminate testing was observed from the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through the optical fibre. Experimental results confirmed that optical fibres could be applied as intensity sensors in real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials., Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje primene optičkih vlakana (OV) kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja laminarnih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Za eksperimentalne potrebe su izraženi termoplastični laminarni kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Izračeni uzorci aramidno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral) sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima izlagani su različitim vrstama opterećenja: statikom opterećenju utiskivanjem na adaptiranoj kidalici, udarima niske energije Šarpijevim klatnom i balistikim udarima standardnim oružjem i municijom. Inicijacija oštećenja i loma laminata tokom ispitivanja su detektovani praćenjem pada intenziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optika vlakna. Rezultati eksperimenta su potvrdili da se optička vlakna mogu koristiti u toku rada (u realnom vremenu) kao intenzitetni senzori za detekciju strukturnih promena u laminarnim kompozitnim materijalima.",
publisher = "Institut za ispitivanje materijala, Beograd",
journal = "Integritet i vek konstrukcija",
title = "Damage monitoring of composite laminates by means of intensity based fiberoptic sensors, Praćenje oštećenja kompozitnih laminata pomoću fiberoptičkih senzora intenzitetnog tipa",
pages = "30-19",
number = "1",
volume = "5",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_84"
}

Kojović, A., Uskoković, P. S., Aleksić, R., Mitraković, D., Živković, I., Tomić, M., Brajović, L.,& Milinković, S.. (2005). Damage monitoring of composite laminates by means of intensity based fiberoptic sensors. in Integritet i vek konstrukcija
Institut za ispitivanje materijala, Beograd., 5(1), 19-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_84

Kojović A, Uskoković PS, Aleksić R, Mitraković D, Živković I, Tomić M, Brajović L, Milinković S. Damage monitoring of composite laminates by means of intensity based fiberoptic sensors. in Integritet i vek konstrukcija. 2005;5(1):19-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_84 .

Kojović, Aleksandar, Uskoković, Petar S., Aleksić, Radoslav, Mitraković, Dragan, Živković, Irena, Tomić, Miloš, Brajović, Ljiljana, Milinković, Stevan, "Damage monitoring of composite laminates by means of intensity based fiberoptic sensors" in Integritet i vek konstrukcija, 5, no. 1 (2005):19-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_84 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Uskoković, Petar S.
AU  - Aleksić, R
PY  - 2005
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/89
AB  - In recent years, optical fibers have received attention as sensors for the purpose of in-service health monitoring in composite materials. Advantages of optical fiber sensors over conventional sensing methods are well-known and include resistance to corrosion and fatigue, similarity of their material properties to the reinforcing fibers, small, flexible and lightweight nature, immunity to electromagnetic interference and high response bandwidth. These features enable their embedding into composite structures and access locations where other sensing methods cannot easily probe. This paper evaluates the feasibility of real-time monitoring of indentation damage in composite laminates from indentation loading using the embedded intensity-based optical fiber sensors. An optical fiber sensing system, which relies solely on monitoring light intensity for providing indication of the composite structural health, offers simplicity in design and cost-effectiveness. For this, aramid/polyvinylbutyral (PVB) laminates with embedded optical fibers were fabricated. Three configurations of woven composites were tested, namely aramid/PVB, metal/PVB and aramid/metal/PVB. Several stacking sequences of aramid and metallic woven layers were used for investigations. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity) drop of light signal transmitted through optical fiber.
PB  - Soc. for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering
T2  - Journal of Advanced Materials
T1  - Indentation damage detection in thermoplastic composite laminates by using embedded optical fibers
EP  - 37
IS  - 1
SP  - 33
VL  - 37
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_89
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Irena and Brajović, Ljiljana and Uskoković, Petar S. and Aleksić, R",
year = "2005",
abstract = "In recent years, optical fibers have received attention as sensors for the purpose of in-service health monitoring in composite materials. Advantages of optical fiber sensors over conventional sensing methods are well-known and include resistance to corrosion and fatigue, similarity of their material properties to the reinforcing fibers, small, flexible and lightweight nature, immunity to electromagnetic interference and high response bandwidth. These features enable their embedding into composite structures and access locations where other sensing methods cannot easily probe. This paper evaluates the feasibility of real-time monitoring of indentation damage in composite laminates from indentation loading using the embedded intensity-based optical fiber sensors. An optical fiber sensing system, which relies solely on monitoring light intensity for providing indication of the composite structural health, offers simplicity in design and cost-effectiveness. For this, aramid/polyvinylbutyral (PVB) laminates with embedded optical fibers were fabricated. Three configurations of woven composites were tested, namely aramid/PVB, metal/PVB and aramid/metal/PVB. Several stacking sequences of aramid and metallic woven layers were used for investigations. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity) drop of light signal transmitted through optical fiber.",
publisher = "Soc. for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering",
journal = "Journal of Advanced Materials",
title = "Indentation damage detection in thermoplastic composite laminates by using embedded optical fibers",
pages = "37-33",
number = "1",
volume = "37",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_89"
}

Živković, I., Brajović, L., Uskoković, P. S.,& Aleksić, R.. (2005). Indentation damage detection in thermoplastic composite laminates by using embedded optical fibers. in Journal of Advanced Materials
Soc. for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering., 37(1), 33-37.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_89

Živković I, Brajović L, Uskoković PS, Aleksić R. Indentation damage detection in thermoplastic composite laminates by using embedded optical fibers. in Journal of Advanced Materials. 2005;37(1):33-37.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_89 .

Živković, Irena, Brajović, Ljiljana, Uskoković, Petar S., Aleksić, R, "Indentation damage detection in thermoplastic composite laminates by using embedded optical fibers" in Journal of Advanced Materials, 37, no. 1 (2005):33-37,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_89 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Mišković, Zoran
AU  - Uskoković, Petar S.
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Aleksić, R
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/83
AB  - An application of the embedded intensity based fiber optic sensors (FOS) for fatigue damage detection in cantilevered composite rods is presented. During the fatigue test with constant amplitude of oscillations, the deflection and the intensity of optical signals were acquired constantly until the optical signal drop has been observed. Characteristics of optical signals are described and discussed. In order to quantity the state of damage just after a significant change in optical signal intensity. the numerical verification of the reduced stiffness, based on static measurements, is carried out.
PB  - Trans Tech Publications Ltd
T2  - Progress in Advanced Materials and Processes
T1  - Fatigue damage detection in composite rods using fiber optic intensity based sensors
EP  - 503
SP  - 497
DO  - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.497
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Brajović, Ljiljana and Mišković, Zoran and Uskoković, Petar S. and Živković, Irena and Aleksić, R",
year = "2004",
abstract = "An application of the embedded intensity based fiber optic sensors (FOS) for fatigue damage detection in cantilevered composite rods is presented. During the fatigue test with constant amplitude of oscillations, the deflection and the intensity of optical signals were acquired constantly until the optical signal drop has been observed. Characteristics of optical signals are described and discussed. In order to quantity the state of damage just after a significant change in optical signal intensity. the numerical verification of the reduced stiffness, based on static measurements, is carried out.",
publisher = "Trans Tech Publications Ltd",
journal = "Progress in Advanced Materials and Processes",
title = "Fatigue damage detection in composite rods using fiber optic intensity based sensors",
pages = "503-497",
doi = "10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.497"
}

Brajović, L., Mišković, Z., Uskoković, P. S., Živković, I.,& Aleksić, R.. (2004). Fatigue damage detection in composite rods using fiber optic intensity based sensors. in Progress in Advanced Materials and Processes
Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 497-503.
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.497

Brajović L, Mišković Z, Uskoković PS, Živković I, Aleksić R. Fatigue damage detection in composite rods using fiber optic intensity based sensors. in Progress in Advanced Materials and Processes. 2004;:497-503.
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.497 .

Brajović, Ljiljana, Mišković, Zoran, Uskoković, Petar S., Živković, Irena, Aleksić, R, "Fatigue damage detection in composite rods using fiber optic intensity based sensors" in Progress in Advanced Materials and Processes (2004):497-503,
https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.453-454.497 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Maksimović, Stevan
AU  - Aleksić, Slobodan
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Kojović, Aleksandar
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/62
AB  - The object of this paper is exploration of application of optical fibers as intensity-based sensors in real-time damage detection in laminate composite materials, and discussion of loading transfer mechanisms through thermoplastic composites. For experimental purposes, thermoplastic laminate composite materials aramid fiber/poly (vinyl butyral) with embedded optical fibers were made. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through optical fiber. Manufactured composite specimens with embedded optical fibers were subjected to static loading indentation by the adapted tensile testing machine. Results of the experiments confirmed that optical fibers may be applied as intensity sensors in real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials. Numeric simulation of material behavior under static loading was conducted, and initial fracture criteria were obtained. The finite element model was used to analyse deformation distribution through laminar composite plate, caused by indentation, and to simulate the contact problem - projectile/composite plate. The FEM analysis results of the considered composite plate have shown very good agreement with the experimental results.
AB  - Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje mogućnosti primene optičkih vlakana kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja slojevitih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu, kao i objašnjenje mehanizama prenosa opterećenja kroz termoplastični kompozitni materijal. Za eksperimentalne potrebe su napravljeni termoplastični slojeviti kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Ispitivana je konfiguracija kontinualnim vlaknima ojačanih kompozita aramidno vlakno/poli (vinil-butiral). Indikacija oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja su detektovani padom inteziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna. Napravljeni uzorci termoplastičnih slojevitih kompozitnih materijala su nakon ugrađivanja optičkih vlakana, izloženi statičkom opterećenju utiskivanjem na adaptiranoj kidalici. Eksperimenti su potvrdili opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za detekciju oštećenja višeslojnih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu.Takođe, urađena je i numerička simulacija ponašanja materijala pri statičkom opterećenju i određeni kriterijumi inicijalnog loma za određivanje trenutka kada dolazi do otkaza sloja u materijalu. Za analizu raspodele deformacija po debljini višeslojne kompozitne ploče, pod dejstvom utiskivača je korišćen metod konačnih elemenata (MKE). Primenom MKE je simuliran kontaktni problem projektil/kompozitna ploča. Rezulatati MKE analize razmatrane kompozitne ploče su pokazali odlično slaganje sa eksperimentom.
PB  - Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija, Beograd
T2  - Tehnička dijagnostika
T1  - Behavior of smart ballistic composite materials: Comparisons experimental results with numerical simulations
T1  - Analiza ponašanja smart balističkih kompozita - poređenje eksperimentalnih rezultata i numeričke simulacije
EP  - 12
IS  - 2
SP  - 3
VL  - 3
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_62
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Irena and Maksimović, Stevan and Aleksić, Slobodan and Brajović, Ljiljana and Kojović, Aleksandar and Aleksić, Radoslav",
year = "2004",
abstract = "The object of this paper is exploration of application of optical fibers as intensity-based sensors in real-time damage detection in laminate composite materials, and discussion of loading transfer mechanisms through thermoplastic composites. For experimental purposes, thermoplastic laminate composite materials aramid fiber/poly (vinyl butyral) with embedded optical fibers were made. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity drop of the light signal transmitted through optical fiber. Manufactured composite specimens with embedded optical fibers were subjected to static loading indentation by the adapted tensile testing machine. Results of the experiments confirmed that optical fibers may be applied as intensity sensors in real-time monitoring of structural changes in thermoplastic laminar composite materials. Numeric simulation of material behavior under static loading was conducted, and initial fracture criteria were obtained. The finite element model was used to analyse deformation distribution through laminar composite plate, caused by indentation, and to simulate the contact problem - projectile/composite plate. The FEM analysis results of the considered composite plate have shown very good agreement with the experimental results., Cilj ovoga rada je istraživanje mogućnosti primene optičkih vlakana kao intenzitetnih senzora za detekciju oštećenja slojevitih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu, kao i objašnjenje mehanizama prenosa opterećenja kroz termoplastični kompozitni materijal. Za eksperimentalne potrebe su napravljeni termoplastični slojeviti kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Ispitivana je konfiguracija kontinualnim vlaknima ojačanih kompozita aramidno vlakno/poli (vinil-butiral). Indikacija oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja su detektovani padom inteziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna. Napravljeni uzorci termoplastičnih slojevitih kompozitnih materijala su nakon ugrađivanja optičkih vlakana, izloženi statičkom opterećenju utiskivanjem na adaptiranoj kidalici. Eksperimenti su potvrdili opravdanost upotrebe optičkih vlakana kao senzora za detekciju oštećenja višeslojnih kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu.Takođe, urađena je i numerička simulacija ponašanja materijala pri statičkom opterećenju i određeni kriterijumi inicijalnog loma za određivanje trenutka kada dolazi do otkaza sloja u materijalu. Za analizu raspodele deformacija po debljini višeslojne kompozitne ploče, pod dejstvom utiskivača je korišćen metod konačnih elemenata (MKE). Primenom MKE je simuliran kontaktni problem projektil/kompozitna ploča. Rezulatati MKE analize razmatrane kompozitne ploče su pokazali odlično slaganje sa eksperimentom.",
publisher = "Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija, Beograd",
journal = "Tehnička dijagnostika",
title = "Behavior of smart ballistic composite materials: Comparisons experimental results with numerical simulations, Analiza ponašanja smart balističkih kompozita - poređenje eksperimentalnih rezultata i numeričke simulacije",
pages = "12-3",
number = "2",
volume = "3",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_62"
}

Živković, I., Maksimović, S., Aleksić, S., Brajović, L., Kojović, A.,& Aleksić, R.. (2004). Behavior of smart ballistic composite materials: Comparisons experimental results with numerical simulations. in Tehnička dijagnostika
Visoka tehnička škola strukovnih studija, Beograd., 3(2), 3-12.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_62

Živković I, Maksimović S, Aleksić S, Brajović L, Kojović A, Aleksić R. Behavior of smart ballistic composite materials: Comparisons experimental results with numerical simulations. in Tehnička dijagnostika. 2004;3(2):3-12.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_62 .

Živković, Irena, Maksimović, Stevan, Aleksić, Slobodan, Brajović, Ljiljana, Kojović, Aleksandar, Aleksić, Radoslav, "Behavior of smart ballistic composite materials: Comparisons experimental results with numerical simulations" in Tehnička dijagnostika, 3, no. 2 (2004):3-12,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_62 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Irena
AU  - Brajović, Ljiljana
AU  - Uskoković, Petar S.
AU  - Milinković, Stevan
AU  - Aleksić, Radoslav
PY  - 2003
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/51
AB  - Application of optical fibers as sensors for the purpose of in-service health monitoring in composite materials have increased in last few years. Advantages of optical fiber sensors over conventional sensing methods are well-known and include resistance to corrosion and fatigue, similarity of their material properties to the reinforcing fibers, small, flexible and lightweight nature, immunity to electromagnetic interference and high response bandwidth. These features enable their embedding into composite structures and access locations where other sensing methods cannot easily probe. This paper evaluates the feasibility of real-time monitoring of indentation damage in composite laminates from indentation loading using the embedded intensity-based optical fiber sensors. An optical fiber sensing system, which relies solely on monitoring light intensity for providing indication of the composite structural health, offers simplicity in design and cost-effectiveness. For this, aramide/polyvinilbutyral (PVB) laminates with embedded optical fibers were fabricated. Three configurations of woven composites were tested, namely, aramide/PVB, glass fiber/PVB and metal/PVB. Several stacking sequences of aramide and metallic woven layers were used for investigations. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity drop of light signal transmitted through optical fiber.
AB  - Optička vlakna se poslednjih godina sve više koriste kao osnova senzora i senzorskih sistema u metodama praćenja oštećenja strukture kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Prednosti senzora na bazi optičkih vlakana tj. fiberoptičkih senzora (FOS) u odnosu na konvencionalne senzorske metode su dobro poznate, npr. otpornost na koroziju i zamor, fleksibilnost i mala težina, imunitet na elektromagnetno okruženje i širok opseg odziva. Ove osobine omogućavaju ne samo mogućnost ugradnje u kompozitne strukture već i njihovu pristupačnost lokacijama gde su se ostale senzorske metode pokazale nezadovoljavajućim. Postoje različite konfiguracije FOS-a u zavisnosti od vrste optičkih vlakana koja se koriste kao i u zavisnosti od svetlosne veličine koja se menja tokom merenja. Intenzitetni FOS se zasnivaju na promeni intenziteta svetlosti koja se vodi optičkim vlaknima od svetlosnog izvora prema mernom mestu i od mernog mesta prema fotodetektoru sa promenom merene veličine. Promena intenziteta može nastati ili usled nekog efekta u samom vlaknu kao što je naprezanje, oštećenje, savijanje, mikrosavijanje promena indeksa prelamanja omotača, ili usled apsorpcije, refleksije prelamanja svetlosti i sl. van optičkog vlakna. Ovaj rad pruža procenu opravdanosti praćenja oštećenja uzrokovanog utiskivanjem, unutar slojevitog kompozita u realnom vremenu, upotrebom sistema ugrađenih FOS intenzitetnog tipa. Prednost ovakvog senzorskog sistema je jednostavan dizajn i niska cena izrade. Za eksperimentalne potrebe napravljeni su termoplastični slojeviti kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Ispitivane su tri konfiguracije kontinualnim vlaknima ojačanih kompozita, aramidno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral), stakleno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral) i čelična žica/ poli(vinil-butiral). Indikacija oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja je detektovan padom intenziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna.
PB  - Institut bezbednosti, Beograd
T2  - Nauka, tehnika, bezbednost
T1  - Embedding of optical fibers as sensors in thermoplastic composite laminates
T1  - Ugradnja optičkih vlakana kao senzora u slojevite termoplastične kompozitne materijale
EP  - 93
IS  - 3
SP  - 83
VL  - 13
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_51
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Irena and Brajović, Ljiljana and Uskoković, Petar S. and Milinković, Stevan and Aleksić, Radoslav",
year = "2003",
abstract = "Application of optical fibers as sensors for the purpose of in-service health monitoring in composite materials have increased in last few years. Advantages of optical fiber sensors over conventional sensing methods are well-known and include resistance to corrosion and fatigue, similarity of their material properties to the reinforcing fibers, small, flexible and lightweight nature, immunity to electromagnetic interference and high response bandwidth. These features enable their embedding into composite structures and access locations where other sensing methods cannot easily probe. This paper evaluates the feasibility of real-time monitoring of indentation damage in composite laminates from indentation loading using the embedded intensity-based optical fiber sensors. An optical fiber sensing system, which relies solely on monitoring light intensity for providing indication of the composite structural health, offers simplicity in design and cost-effectiveness. For this, aramide/polyvinilbutyral (PVB) laminates with embedded optical fibers were fabricated. Three configurations of woven composites were tested, namely, aramide/PVB, glass fiber/PVB and metal/PVB. Several stacking sequences of aramide and metallic woven layers were used for investigations. Initiation of damage and fracture during testing was detected by observation of the intensity drop of light signal transmitted through optical fiber., Optička vlakna se poslednjih godina sve više koriste kao osnova senzora i senzorskih sistema u metodama praćenja oštećenja strukture kompozitnih materijala u realnom vremenu. Prednosti senzora na bazi optičkih vlakana tj. fiberoptičkih senzora (FOS) u odnosu na konvencionalne senzorske metode su dobro poznate, npr. otpornost na koroziju i zamor, fleksibilnost i mala težina, imunitet na elektromagnetno okruženje i širok opseg odziva. Ove osobine omogućavaju ne samo mogućnost ugradnje u kompozitne strukture već i njihovu pristupačnost lokacijama gde su se ostale senzorske metode pokazale nezadovoljavajućim. Postoje različite konfiguracije FOS-a u zavisnosti od vrste optičkih vlakana koja se koriste kao i u zavisnosti od svetlosne veličine koja se menja tokom merenja. Intenzitetni FOS se zasnivaju na promeni intenziteta svetlosti koja se vodi optičkim vlaknima od svetlosnog izvora prema mernom mestu i od mernog mesta prema fotodetektoru sa promenom merene veličine. Promena intenziteta može nastati ili usled nekog efekta u samom vlaknu kao što je naprezanje, oštećenje, savijanje, mikrosavijanje promena indeksa prelamanja omotača, ili usled apsorpcije, refleksije prelamanja svetlosti i sl. van optičkog vlakna. Ovaj rad pruža procenu opravdanosti praćenja oštećenja uzrokovanog utiskivanjem, unutar slojevitog kompozita u realnom vremenu, upotrebom sistema ugrađenih FOS intenzitetnog tipa. Prednost ovakvog senzorskog sistema je jednostavan dizajn i niska cena izrade. Za eksperimentalne potrebe napravljeni su termoplastični slojeviti kompozitni materijali sa ugrađenim optičkim vlaknima. Ispitivane su tri konfiguracije kontinualnim vlaknima ojačanih kompozita, aramidno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral), stakleno vlakno/poli(vinil-butiral) i čelična žica/ poli(vinil-butiral). Indikacija oštećenja i lom laminata tokom ispitivanja je detektovan padom intenziteta svetlosnog signala propuštenog kroz optička vlakna.",
publisher = "Institut bezbednosti, Beograd",
journal = "Nauka, tehnika, bezbednost",
title = "Embedding of optical fibers as sensors in thermoplastic composite laminates, Ugradnja optičkih vlakana kao senzora u slojevite termoplastične kompozitne materijale",
pages = "93-83",
number = "3",
volume = "13",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_51"
}

Živković, I., Brajović, L., Uskoković, P. S., Milinković, S.,& Aleksić, R.. (2003). Embedding of optical fibers as sensors in thermoplastic composite laminates. in Nauka, tehnika, bezbednost
Institut bezbednosti, Beograd., 13(3), 83-93.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_51

Živković I, Brajović L, Uskoković PS, Milinković S, Aleksić R. Embedding of optical fibers as sensors in thermoplastic composite laminates. in Nauka, tehnika, bezbednost. 2003;13(3):83-93.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_51 .

Živković, Irena, Brajović, Ljiljana, Uskoković, Petar S., Milinković, Stevan, Aleksić, Radoslav, "Embedding of optical fibers as sensors in thermoplastic composite laminates" in Nauka, tehnika, bezbednost, 13, no. 3 (2003):83-93,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_51 .