TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popović, Jovan
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Vranić, Petko
AU  - Milovanović, Branko
AU  - Martinenko, Anastasija
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2600
AB  - Geodetic monitoring of a tall structure means employing various methods of measurement and data processing for assessing its verticality. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a method of collecting lots of quality spatial data in a short time period. It enables detailed surface 3D parametric modelling. Advantages over the traditional cross-sectioning approach include direct obtaining of the structure axis inclination, analysing structure deformations relative to the modelled surface, and so forth. The subject of research was 52-metre-tall cylinder-shaped bell tower of St. Anthony of Padua Church in Belgrade, Serbia, which has been inclined since its completion in 1962. An original algorithm was developed for estimating parameters of a cylinder approximating the tower surface and their precision. The horizontal displacement of the cylinder top base centre ranging from 1.174 m to 1.196 m over the five-year period of geodetic monitoring of the tower indicates the clear existence of the structure tilting trend.
PB  - Elsevier
T2  - Measurement 188 (2022)
T1  - Quantifying tall structure tilting trend through TLS-based 3D parametric modelling
DO  - 10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110533
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Popović, Jovan and Pandžić, Jelena and Pejić, Marko and Vranić, Petko and Milovanović, Branko and Martinenko, Anastasija",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Geodetic monitoring of a tall structure means employing various methods of measurement and data processing for assessing its verticality. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a method of collecting lots of quality spatial data in a short time period. It enables detailed surface 3D parametric modelling. Advantages over the traditional cross-sectioning approach include direct obtaining of the structure axis inclination, analysing structure deformations relative to the modelled surface, and so forth. The subject of research was 52-metre-tall cylinder-shaped bell tower of St. Anthony of Padua Church in Belgrade, Serbia, which has been inclined since its completion in 1962. An original algorithm was developed for estimating parameters of a cylinder approximating the tower surface and their precision. The horizontal displacement of the cylinder top base centre ranging from 1.174 m to 1.196 m over the five-year period of geodetic monitoring of the tower indicates the clear existence of the structure tilting trend.",
publisher = "Elsevier",
journal = "Measurement 188 (2022)",
title = "Quantifying tall structure tilting trend through TLS-based 3D parametric modelling",
doi = "10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110533"
}

Popović, J., Pandžić, J., Pejić, M., Vranić, P., Milovanović, B.,& Martinenko, A.. (2022). Quantifying tall structure tilting trend through TLS-based 3D parametric modelling. in Measurement 188 (2022)
Elsevier..
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110533

Popović J, Pandžić J, Pejić M, Vranić P, Milovanović B, Martinenko A. Quantifying tall structure tilting trend through TLS-based 3D parametric modelling. in Measurement 188 (2022). 2022;.
doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110533 .

Popović, Jovan, Pandžić, Jelena, Pejić, Marko, Vranić, Petko, Milovanović, Branko, Martinenko, Anastasija, "Quantifying tall structure tilting trend through TLS-based 3D parametric modelling" in Measurement 188 (2022) (2022),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110533 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Vranić, Petko
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Popović, Jovan
PY  - 2020
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2241
AB  - Unlike traditional methods, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables one to collect enormous amount of data in a fairly short time, consequently reducing field efforts. This backed up the decision to employ TLS for deformation monitoring of the brick bell tower of St. Anthony of Padua Church in Belgrade. One epoch of terrestrial laser scanning completed in March 2015 revealed that the projection of the tower axis vector to the horizontal plane reached the value of almost 1.2 m, that is nearly three times greater than the value observed at the time of the tower completion. This urged for the tower stability monitoring to be started which finally happened in 2019. Over a period of about four and a half years a trend in the tower tilting increase of 1.6 arcmin in total was unequivocally established, that is, the top of the tower displacement of 22 mm in the horizontal plane.
C3  - INGEO & SIG 2020
T1  - TLS-based 3D Deformation Monitoring of Church Bell Tower Geometry
EP  - 49
SP  - 39
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2241
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Pandžić, Jelena and Vranić, Petko and Pejić, Marko and Popović, Jovan",
year = "2020",
abstract = "Unlike traditional methods, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables one to collect enormous amount of data in a fairly short time, consequently reducing field efforts. This backed up the decision to employ TLS for deformation monitoring of the brick bell tower of St. Anthony of Padua Church in Belgrade. One epoch of terrestrial laser scanning completed in March 2015 revealed that the projection of the tower axis vector to the horizontal plane reached the value of almost 1.2 m, that is nearly three times greater than the value observed at the time of the tower completion. This urged for the tower stability monitoring to be started which finally happened in 2019. Over a period of about four and a half years a trend in the tower tilting increase of 1.6 arcmin in total was unequivocally established, that is, the top of the tower displacement of 22 mm in the horizontal plane.",
journal = "INGEO & SIG 2020",
title = "TLS-based 3D Deformation Monitoring of Church Bell Tower Geometry",
pages = "49-39",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2241"
}

Pandžić, J., Vranić, P., Pejić, M.,& Popović, J.. (2020). TLS-based 3D Deformation Monitoring of Church Bell Tower Geometry. in INGEO & SIG 2020, 39-49.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2241

Pandžić J, Vranić P, Pejić M, Popović J. TLS-based 3D Deformation Monitoring of Church Bell Tower Geometry. in INGEO & SIG 2020. 2020;:39-49.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2241 .

Pandžić, Jelena, Vranić, Petko, Pejić, Marko, Popović, Jovan, "TLS-based 3D Deformation Monitoring of Church Bell Tower Geometry" in INGEO & SIG 2020 (2020):39-49,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2241 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Davidović, Milena
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Božić, Mirjana
AU  - Vasiljević, Darko
AU  - Srećković, Milesa
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1947
AB  - Innovative technologies often join their methodologies, instruments and techniques in solving various types of sophisticated problems in the area of architectural cultural heritage. Beside precise photogrammetric and laser scanning methods, the other less expensive and less time consuming methods for 3D scene/object reconstruction exist. The choice of tools/instruments and methodologies depends on large scale of factors (time or space limitations, finances, availability of instruments and graphic software, etc.). For particular project's purposes, 3D scene reconstruction, the chimney of an old brick factory in Belgrade with its surrounding buildings, was performed and presented as 3D digital model. The combination of 3D modeling graphic software tools,
measurement data recorded by laser based geodetic instrument and image data taken by digital camera were employed for architectural scene reconstruction. Since there was no available technical documentation, first part of the project included measurements of existing
objects. The task concerning precise dimensioning and spatial positioning, especially regarding the chimney was set. The scene (chimney and surrounding objects) was recorded by photo camera Canon Powershot A710 IS from the second floor of the Institute of Physics' building, while real geodetic measurements were obtained by geodetic instrument - total station Sokkia SET3130R3 positioned at the same view-point. Based on coordinates of some characteristic points on the chimney and the building, the scene was reconstructed and modeled in real dimensions in graphic software Auto CAD. Classical Descriptive geometry method for single image restitution was employed in addition for the purposes of correct spatial positioning (mutual relationships) of two recorded objects, and comparison of obtained results as well. This reconstruction project has its educational, cultural and documenting aims. Hence employed and gathered various disciplines and knowledge gave an adequate solution of practical engineering multidisciplinary task.
PB  - Centralni institut za konzervaciju
PB  - Naučno društvo za razvoj i afirmaciju novih tehnologija
C3  - Zbornik izabranih radova i izvoda - Prvni naučni skup Multidisciplinarni pristup kulturnoj baštini, materijalima i tehnologijama
T1  - Application of digital graphic tools and contactless measuring instruments in 3D scene reconstruction
EP  - 47
SP  - 42
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1947
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Davidović, Milena and Pandžić, Jelena and Božić, Mirjana and Vasiljević, Darko and Srećković, Milesa",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Innovative technologies often join their methodologies, instruments and techniques in solving various types of sophisticated problems in the area of architectural cultural heritage. Beside precise photogrammetric and laser scanning methods, the other less expensive and less time consuming methods for 3D scene/object reconstruction exist. The choice of tools/instruments and methodologies depends on large scale of factors (time or space limitations, finances, availability of instruments and graphic software, etc.). For particular project's purposes, 3D scene reconstruction, the chimney of an old brick factory in Belgrade with its surrounding buildings, was performed and presented as 3D digital model. The combination of 3D modeling graphic software tools,
measurement data recorded by laser based geodetic instrument and image data taken by digital camera were employed for architectural scene reconstruction. Since there was no available technical documentation, first part of the project included measurements of existing
objects. The task concerning precise dimensioning and spatial positioning, especially regarding the chimney was set. The scene (chimney and surrounding objects) was recorded by photo camera Canon Powershot A710 IS from the second floor of the Institute of Physics' building, while real geodetic measurements were obtained by geodetic instrument - total station Sokkia SET3130R3 positioned at the same view-point. Based on coordinates of some characteristic points on the chimney and the building, the scene was reconstructed and modeled in real dimensions in graphic software Auto CAD. Classical Descriptive geometry method for single image restitution was employed in addition for the purposes of correct spatial positioning (mutual relationships) of two recorded objects, and comparison of obtained results as well. This reconstruction project has its educational, cultural and documenting aims. Hence employed and gathered various disciplines and knowledge gave an adequate solution of practical engineering multidisciplinary task.",
publisher = "Centralni institut za konzervaciju, Naučno društvo za razvoj i afirmaciju novih tehnologija",
journal = "Zbornik izabranih radova i izvoda - Prvni naučni skup Multidisciplinarni pristup kulturnoj baštini, materijalima i tehnologijama",
title = "Application of digital graphic tools and contactless measuring instruments in 3D scene reconstruction",
pages = "47-42",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1947"
}

Dragović, M., Čučaković, A., Davidović, M., Pandžić, J., Božić, M., Vasiljević, D.,& Srećković, M.. (2017). Application of digital graphic tools and contactless measuring instruments in 3D scene reconstruction. in Zbornik izabranih radova i izvoda - Prvni naučni skup Multidisciplinarni pristup kulturnoj baštini, materijalima i tehnologijama
Centralni institut za konzervaciju., 42-47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1947

Dragović M, Čučaković A, Davidović M, Pandžić J, Božić M, Vasiljević D, Srećković M. Application of digital graphic tools and contactless measuring instruments in 3D scene reconstruction. in Zbornik izabranih radova i izvoda - Prvni naučni skup Multidisciplinarni pristup kulturnoj baštini, materijalima i tehnologijama. 2017;:42-47.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1947 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Davidović, Milena, Pandžić, Jelena, Božić, Mirjana, Vasiljević, Darko, Srećković, Milesa, "Application of digital graphic tools and contactless measuring instruments in 3D scene reconstruction" in Zbornik izabranih radova i izvoda - Prvni naučni skup Multidisciplinarni pristup kulturnoj baštini, materijalima i tehnologijama (2017):42-47,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1947 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Erić, Verica
AU  - Božić, Branko
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Abolmasov, Biljana
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1540
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade
C3  - Procedings / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015
T1  - Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS techonology and GeoMoss system
EP  - 48
SP  - 43
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1540
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Erić, Verica and Božić, Branko and Pejić, Marko and Abolmasov, Biljana and Pandžić, Jelena",
year = "2017",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade",
journal = "Procedings / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015",
title = "Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS techonology and GeoMoss system",
pages = "48-43",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1540"
}

Erić, V., Božić, B., Pejić, M., Abolmasov, B.,& Pandžić, J.. (2017). Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS techonology and GeoMoss system. in Procedings / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade., 43-48.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1540

Erić V, Božić B, Pejić M, Abolmasov B, Pandžić J. Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS techonology and GeoMoss system. in Procedings / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. 2017;:43-48.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1540 .

Erić, Verica, Božić, Branko, Pejić, Marko, Abolmasov, Biljana, Pandžić, Jelena, "Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS techonology and GeoMoss system" in Procedings / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015 (2017):43-48,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1540 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Erić, Verica
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1096
T2  - Građevinski kalendar
T1  - Metoda laserskog skeniranja u geodetskom inženjerstvu
EP  - 281
SP  - 249
VL  - 49
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1096
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Pejić, Marko and Pandžić, Jelena and Erić, Verica",
year = "2017",
journal = "Građevinski kalendar",
title = "Metoda laserskog skeniranja u geodetskom inženjerstvu",
pages = "281-249",
volume = "49",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1096"
}

Pejić, M., Pandžić, J.,& Erić, V.. (2017). Metoda laserskog skeniranja u geodetskom inženjerstvu. in Građevinski kalendar, 49, 249-281.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1096

Pejić M, Pandžić J, Erić V. Metoda laserskog skeniranja u geodetskom inženjerstvu. in Građevinski kalendar. 2017;49:249-281.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1096 .

Pejić, Marko, Pandžić, Jelena, Erić, Verica, "Metoda laserskog skeniranja u geodetskom inženjerstvu" in Građevinski kalendar, 49 (2017):249-281,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1096 .

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Božić, Branko
AU  - Erić, Verica
PY  - 2017
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1577
AB  - Depending  on  the  requirements  of  a  certain  engineering  task,  point  coordinates  obtained through terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can be either in a scanner coordinate system (CS) or in  the  coordinate  system  of  a  geodetic  control  network.  When  point  coordinates  in  some external CS are needed  point cloud georeferencing must be done, i.e. point coordinates have to be transformed from the scanner CS into the desired CS.Different  procedures  can  be  followed  during  the  transformation  process  of  point  coordinates from  one  CS  to  the  other  and  consequently  it  can  be  distinguished  between  several  types  of georeferencing. The principal classification is into direct and indirect georeferencing  and the main  difference  between  the  two  is  that  direct  georeferencing  can  (and  usually  does)  give point coordinates in the CS of a geodetic control network instantly in the field, while indirect georeferencing  inevitably  needs  some  work  to  be  done  in  the  office  in  order  to  obtain  these coordinates. Indirect georeferencing is necessarily done in some software and it distinguishes between  the  process  itself  being  completed  in  either  one  or  two  steps.  On  the  other  hand, direct georeferencing does not involve transformation into some intermediate CS whichis the case  with the two-step  indirect  georeferencing.  Direct  georeferencing  essentially  mimics  the procedure of orienting a total station with respect to a geodetic control network which can be achieved either through backsighting (the “station-orientation” procedure) or resection.This paper briefly presents different georeferencing procedures and related main error sources that  cause  errors  in  transformed  point  coordinates.  Additionally,  the  covariance  model  for direct  georeferencing  following  the  “station-orientation”  procedure  is  verified  through statistical  analysis  of  the  data  collected  in  the  experiment  performed  in  the  field.  True  point position  errors  calculated  as differences  between  point  coordinates  obtained  from  the  least squares  adjustment  of  the  geodetic  control  network  and  those  from  direct  georeferencing  of the  TLS  data  are  compared  with  theoretical  errors,  i.e.  model-derived  standard  deviations  of point positions. It is shown that these two setsof errors or, more precisely, the variance of the true errors and the pooled model-derived variance of the control point positions do not feature a significant difference at the confidence level of 99%. This makes us optimistic in terms of possibility of using the reported model for predicting trueerrors of point positions by model-derived  standard  deviations  obtained  as  a  result  of  direct  georeferencing  of  TLS  data following the “station-orientation” procedure.
PB  - Laboratório nacional de engenharia civil, Lisboa
T2  - NGEO 2017–7thInternational Conference on Engineering Surveying, Portugal, Lisbon, October 18 -20, 2017
T1  - TLS data georeferencing - error sources and effects
EP  - 300
SP  - 293
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1577
ER  - 

@inbook{
author = "Pandžić, Jelena and Pejić, Marko and Božić, Branko and Erić, Verica",
year = "2017",
abstract = "Depending  on  the  requirements  of  a  certain  engineering  task,  point  coordinates  obtained through terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can be either in a scanner coordinate system (CS) or in  the  coordinate  system  of  a  geodetic  control  network.  When  point  coordinates  in  some external CS are needed  point cloud georeferencing must be done, i.e. point coordinates have to be transformed from the scanner CS into the desired CS.Different  procedures  can  be  followed  during  the  transformation  process  of  point  coordinates from  one  CS  to  the  other  and  consequently  it  can  be  distinguished  between  several  types  of georeferencing. The principal classification is into direct and indirect georeferencing  and the main  difference  between  the  two  is  that  direct  georeferencing  can  (and  usually  does)  give point coordinates in the CS of a geodetic control network instantly in the field, while indirect georeferencing  inevitably  needs  some  work  to  be  done  in  the  office  in  order  to  obtain  these coordinates. Indirect georeferencing is necessarily done in some software and it distinguishes between  the  process  itself  being  completed  in  either  one  or  two  steps.  On  the  other  hand, direct georeferencing does not involve transformation into some intermediate CS whichis the case  with the two-step  indirect  georeferencing.  Direct  georeferencing  essentially  mimics  the procedure of orienting a total station with respect to a geodetic control network which can be achieved either through backsighting (the “station-orientation” procedure) or resection.This paper briefly presents different georeferencing procedures and related main error sources that  cause  errors  in  transformed  point  coordinates.  Additionally,  the  covariance  model  for direct  georeferencing  following  the  “station-orientation”  procedure  is  verified  through statistical  analysis  of  the  data  collected  in  the  experiment  performed  in  the  field.  True  point position  errors  calculated  as differences  between  point  coordinates  obtained  from  the  least squares  adjustment  of  the  geodetic  control  network  and  those  from  direct  georeferencing  of the  TLS  data  are  compared  with  theoretical  errors,  i.e.  model-derived  standard  deviations  of point positions. It is shown that these two setsof errors or, more precisely, the variance of the true errors and the pooled model-derived variance of the control point positions do not feature a significant difference at the confidence level of 99%. This makes us optimistic in terms of possibility of using the reported model for predicting trueerrors of point positions by model-derived  standard  deviations  obtained  as  a  result  of  direct  georeferencing  of  TLS  data following the “station-orientation” procedure.",
publisher = "Laboratório nacional de engenharia civil, Lisboa",
journal = "NGEO 2017–7thInternational Conference on Engineering Surveying, Portugal, Lisbon, October 18 -20, 2017",
booktitle = "TLS data georeferencing - error sources and effects",
pages = "300-293",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1577"
}

Pandžić, J., Pejić, M., Božić, B.,& Erić, V.. (2017). TLS data georeferencing - error sources and effects. in NGEO 2017–7thInternational Conference on Engineering Surveying, Portugal, Lisbon, October 18 -20, 2017
Laboratório nacional de engenharia civil, Lisboa., 293-300.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1577

Pandžić J, Pejić M, Božić B, Erić V. TLS data georeferencing - error sources and effects. in NGEO 2017–7thInternational Conference on Engineering Surveying, Portugal, Lisbon, October 18 -20, 2017. 2017;:293-300.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1577 .

Pandžić, Jelena, Pejić, Marko, Božić, Branko, Erić, Verica, "TLS data georeferencing - error sources and effects" in NGEO 2017–7thInternational Conference on Engineering Surveying, Portugal, Lisbon, October 18 -20, 2017 (2017):293-300,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1577 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Srećković, Milesa
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1376
AB  - Modern technologies enable high-precision collecting of field data and its processing in order to create documentation, perform various analyses or reconstruction of buildings that are an important part of cultural heritage. This paper presents procedures and methods implemented on two devastated single-nave churches at the territory of Serbia, which have been categorized as monuments of high national importance. For the purpose of revitalization of monuments devastated due to their long time exposure to various environmental influences and wars, data acquisition was performed for two religious historical buildings which date back to the period of a great founder, dynasty ruler Stefan Lazarević (14-15th century). Both of these churches represent cultural heritage of Serbia. Data related to the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin in the village of Slavkovica near Ljig was obtained through the photogrammetric method of data acquisition, while the Church of St. George in the village of Nemenikuće on Mount Kosmaj was a subject of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Analyses of physical properties of material samples taken in the field were done as well. The resulting 3D models of the current state of the structures in the form of point clouds were used to perform various analyses (geometrical, architectural and construction style characteristics and construction techniques), whereby modern instruments and data processing software as well as graphics software for 3D modeling were employed. Based on the models of the current state of the structures and comprehensive analyses (historical, style, geometrical and proportional) virtual 3D models of the complete structures were created as conceptual proposals for rebuilding the devastated structures. For the church in Slavkovica this material was used for delivering a final architectural-construction design. For the purpose of creating a 3D model of some cultural monument using modern methods, field data acquisition significantly differs from classical methods of measuring and delivering technical documentation (blueprints, views, sections, etc.). Current and indispensable procedures nowadays are photogrammetry (close-range and aerial) and laser scanning (terrestrial) which give a point cloud as a result. This point cloud is further on processed using appropriate software and serves as a base for creating documentation. The additional quality of the data obtained this way is the possibility of creating virtual 3D models accompanied by animations which can be used for historical, educational, scientific, cultural and informational purposes.
PB  - Central Institute for Conservation, Belgrade
C3  - Book of abstracts, selected papers and posters from the conference / Scientific Meeting with International Participation Contemporary Support of Technological Sciences in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Ethical Aspects, November 5th, 2016, Belgrade / N
T1  - Selected methods of collecting and processing field data for reconstruction of the single nave church
EP  - 29
SP  - 29
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1376
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dragović, Magdalena and Srećković, Milesa and Čučaković, Aleksandar and Pejić, Marko and Pandžić, Jelena",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Modern technologies enable high-precision collecting of field data and its processing in order to create documentation, perform various analyses or reconstruction of buildings that are an important part of cultural heritage. This paper presents procedures and methods implemented on two devastated single-nave churches at the territory of Serbia, which have been categorized as monuments of high national importance. For the purpose of revitalization of monuments devastated due to their long time exposure to various environmental influences and wars, data acquisition was performed for two religious historical buildings which date back to the period of a great founder, dynasty ruler Stefan Lazarević (14-15th century). Both of these churches represent cultural heritage of Serbia. Data related to the Church of the Presentation of the Virgin in the village of Slavkovica near Ljig was obtained through the photogrammetric method of data acquisition, while the Church of St. George in the village of Nemenikuće on Mount Kosmaj was a subject of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Analyses of physical properties of material samples taken in the field were done as well. The resulting 3D models of the current state of the structures in the form of point clouds were used to perform various analyses (geometrical, architectural and construction style characteristics and construction techniques), whereby modern instruments and data processing software as well as graphics software for 3D modeling were employed. Based on the models of the current state of the structures and comprehensive analyses (historical, style, geometrical and proportional) virtual 3D models of the complete structures were created as conceptual proposals for rebuilding the devastated structures. For the church in Slavkovica this material was used for delivering a final architectural-construction design. For the purpose of creating a 3D model of some cultural monument using modern methods, field data acquisition significantly differs from classical methods of measuring and delivering technical documentation (blueprints, views, sections, etc.). Current and indispensable procedures nowadays are photogrammetry (close-range and aerial) and laser scanning (terrestrial) which give a point cloud as a result. This point cloud is further on processed using appropriate software and serves as a base for creating documentation. The additional quality of the data obtained this way is the possibility of creating virtual 3D models accompanied by animations which can be used for historical, educational, scientific, cultural and informational purposes.",
publisher = "Central Institute for Conservation, Belgrade",
journal = "Book of abstracts, selected papers and posters from the conference / Scientific Meeting with International Participation Contemporary Support of Technological Sciences in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Ethical Aspects, November 5th, 2016, Belgrade / N",
title = "Selected methods of collecting and processing field data for reconstruction of the single nave church",
pages = "29-29",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1376"
}

Dragović, M., Srećković, M., Čučaković, A., Pejić, M.,& Pandžić, J.. (2016). Selected methods of collecting and processing field data for reconstruction of the single nave church. in Book of abstracts, selected papers and posters from the conference / Scientific Meeting with International Participation Contemporary Support of Technological Sciences in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Ethical Aspects, November 5th, 2016, Belgrade / N
Central Institute for Conservation, Belgrade., 29-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1376

Dragović M, Srećković M, Čučaković A, Pejić M, Pandžić J. Selected methods of collecting and processing field data for reconstruction of the single nave church. in Book of abstracts, selected papers and posters from the conference / Scientific Meeting with International Participation Contemporary Support of Technological Sciences in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Ethical Aspects, November 5th, 2016, Belgrade / N. 2016;:29-29.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1376 .

Dragović, Magdalena, Srećković, Milesa, Čučaković, Aleksandar, Pejić, Marko, Pandžić, Jelena, "Selected methods of collecting and processing field data for reconstruction of the single nave church" in Book of abstracts, selected papers and posters from the conference / Scientific Meeting with International Participation Contemporary Support of Technological Sciences in Cultural Heritage Preservation and Ethical Aspects, November 5th, 2016, Belgrade / N (2016):29-29,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1376 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Čučaković, Aleksandar
AU  - Dragović, Magdalena
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Srećković, Milesa
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
PY  - 2016
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1476
AB  - Contemporary cultural heritage protection relies on precise technical documentation obtained by new technology accomplishments in the domain of 3D digital models. Both 3D models of the existing state of object and virtual ones are equally important in reconstruction and renewal processes. Accurate, textured and detailed 3D point cloud models of various objects, i.e. cultural heritage monuments, are outcomes of contemporary photogrammetric and laser scanning methods, aided by adequate software solutions. The authors presented procedures and results of terrestrial laser scanning and 3D modelling of a cultural heritage monument the monastery church of the complex Kastaljan, located in the mountain region Kosmaj in Serbia. The first part of presented research, concerning data acquisition, carried out using laser scanner and adequate software processing, resulted in 3D dense point cloud model and further 2D plan view along with characteristic cross sections. The possibilities of 3D model presentation, measurements and additional graphic operations were explored, through various software solutions aided by adequate technical support. The second part of research elaborated on the reconstruction of the entire 3D model of the church in the complex Kastaljan, dated back to the 13th century, according to its architectural style characteristics.
PB  - Serbian Society for Geometry and Graphics (SUGIG) ; Faculty of Civil Engineering, University ; Akademska misao, Belgrade
C3  - Proceedings / The 5th International Scientific Conference on Geometry and Graphics moNGeometrija 2016, June 23th-26th 2016, Belgrade, Serbia
T1  - The possibilities of application of 3D digital models in cultural heritage objects' protection and revitalisation
EP  - 443
SP  - 434
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1476
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Čučaković, Aleksandar and Dragović, Magdalena and Pejić, Marko and Srećković, Milesa and Pandžić, Jelena",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Contemporary cultural heritage protection relies on precise technical documentation obtained by new technology accomplishments in the domain of 3D digital models. Both 3D models of the existing state of object and virtual ones are equally important in reconstruction and renewal processes. Accurate, textured and detailed 3D point cloud models of various objects, i.e. cultural heritage monuments, are outcomes of contemporary photogrammetric and laser scanning methods, aided by adequate software solutions. The authors presented procedures and results of terrestrial laser scanning and 3D modelling of a cultural heritage monument the monastery church of the complex Kastaljan, located in the mountain region Kosmaj in Serbia. The first part of presented research, concerning data acquisition, carried out using laser scanner and adequate software processing, resulted in 3D dense point cloud model and further 2D plan view along with characteristic cross sections. The possibilities of 3D model presentation, measurements and additional graphic operations were explored, through various software solutions aided by adequate technical support. The second part of research elaborated on the reconstruction of the entire 3D model of the church in the complex Kastaljan, dated back to the 13th century, according to its architectural style characteristics.",
publisher = "Serbian Society for Geometry and Graphics (SUGIG) ; Faculty of Civil Engineering, University ; Akademska misao, Belgrade",
journal = "Proceedings / The 5th International Scientific Conference on Geometry and Graphics moNGeometrija 2016, June 23th-26th 2016, Belgrade, Serbia",
title = "The possibilities of application of 3D digital models in cultural heritage objects' protection and revitalisation",
pages = "443-434",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1476"
}

Čučaković, A., Dragović, M., Pejić, M., Srećković, M.,& Pandžić, J.. (2016). The possibilities of application of 3D digital models in cultural heritage objects' protection and revitalisation. in Proceedings / The 5th International Scientific Conference on Geometry and Graphics moNGeometrija 2016, June 23th-26th 2016, Belgrade, Serbia
Serbian Society for Geometry and Graphics (SUGIG) ; Faculty of Civil Engineering, University ; Akademska misao, Belgrade., 434-443.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1476

Čučaković A, Dragović M, Pejić M, Srećković M, Pandžić J. The possibilities of application of 3D digital models in cultural heritage objects' protection and revitalisation. in Proceedings / The 5th International Scientific Conference on Geometry and Graphics moNGeometrija 2016, June 23th-26th 2016, Belgrade, Serbia. 2016;:434-443.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1476 .

Čučaković, Aleksandar, Dragović, Magdalena, Pejić, Marko, Srećković, Milesa, Pandžić, Jelena, "The possibilities of application of 3D digital models in cultural heritage objects' protection and revitalisation" in Proceedings / The 5th International Scientific Conference on Geometry and Graphics moNGeometrija 2016, June 23th-26th 2016, Belgrade, Serbia (2016):434-443,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1476 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Erić, Verica
AU  - Božić, Branko
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Abolmasov, Biljana
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
PY  - 2015
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1347
PB  - University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade
C3  - Abstract book / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. Vol. 1
T1  - Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS technology and GeoMoss system
EP  - 39
SP  - 39
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1347
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Erić, Verica and Božić, Branko and Pejić, Marko and Abolmasov, Biljana and Pandžić, Jelena",
year = "2015",
publisher = "University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade",
journal = "Abstract book / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. Vol. 1",
title = "Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS technology and GeoMoss system",
pages = "39-39",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1347"
}

Erić, V., Božić, B., Pejić, M., Abolmasov, B.,& Pandžić, J.. (2015). Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS technology and GeoMoss system. in Abstract book / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. Vol. 1
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade., 39-39.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1347

Erić V, Božić B, Pejić M, Abolmasov B, Pandžić J. Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS technology and GeoMoss system. in Abstract book / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. Vol. 1. 2015;:39-39.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1347 .

Erić, Verica, Božić, Branko, Pejić, Marko, Abolmasov, Biljana, Pandžić, Jelena, "Permanent geodetic monitoring of the Umka Landslide using GNSS technology and GeoMoss system" in Abstract book / 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region : 2nd ReSyLAB 2015. Vol. 1 (2015):39-39,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1347 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Erie, V.
AU  - Božić, Branko
AU  - Pejić, Marko
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1177
PB  - International Federation of Surveyors, FIG, Prague
C3  - INGEO 2014 - 6th International Conference on Engineering Surveying : 3-4 April 2014, Prague, Czech republic
T1  - The Accuracy Analysis of Leica ScanStation P20 Data by Means of Point Cloud Fitting Algorithm
EP  - 4
SP  - 3
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1177
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Pandžić, Jelena and Erie, V. and Božić, Branko and Pejić, Marko",
year = "2014",
publisher = "International Federation of Surveyors, FIG, Prague",
journal = "INGEO 2014 - 6th International Conference on Engineering Surveying : 3-4 April 2014, Prague, Czech republic",
title = "The Accuracy Analysis of Leica ScanStation P20 Data by Means of Point Cloud Fitting Algorithm",
pages = "4-3",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1177"
}

Pandžić, J., Erie, V., Božić, B.,& Pejić, M.. (2014). The Accuracy Analysis of Leica ScanStation P20 Data by Means of Point Cloud Fitting Algorithm. in INGEO 2014 - 6th International Conference on Engineering Surveying : 3-4 April 2014, Prague, Czech republic
International Federation of Surveyors, FIG, Prague., 3-4.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1177

Pandžić J, Erie V, Božić B, Pejić M. The Accuracy Analysis of Leica ScanStation P20 Data by Means of Point Cloud Fitting Algorithm. in INGEO 2014 - 6th International Conference on Engineering Surveying : 3-4 April 2014, Prague, Czech republic. 2014;:3-4.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1177 .

Pandžić, Jelena, Erie, V., Božić, Branko, Pejić, Marko, "The Accuracy Analysis of Leica ScanStation P20 Data by Means of Point Cloud Fitting Algorithm" in INGEO 2014 - 6th International Conference on Engineering Surveying : 3-4 April 2014, Prague, Czech republic (2014):3-4,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1177 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Božić, Branko
AU  - Pejić, Marko
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Erić, Verica
PY  - 2014
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1129
PB  - Faculty of Geodesy, Zagreb
C3  - Programme and Abstracts / 1st International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference, Global Environment, Stakeholders Profile and Corporate Governance in Geodesy, Zagreb, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, Hrvatska, 3-5.10. 2014.
T1  - Current status and trends of geodetic profession in the Republic of Serbia
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1129
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Božić, Branko and Pejić, Marko and Pandžić, Jelena and Erić, Verica",
year = "2014",
publisher = "Faculty of Geodesy, Zagreb",
journal = "Programme and Abstracts / 1st International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference, Global Environment, Stakeholders Profile and Corporate Governance in Geodesy, Zagreb, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, Hrvatska, 3-5.10. 2014.",
title = "Current status and trends of geodetic profession in the Republic of Serbia",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1129"
}

Božić, B., Pejić, M., Pandžić, J.,& Erić, V.. (2014). Current status and trends of geodetic profession in the Republic of Serbia. in Programme and Abstracts / 1st International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference, Global Environment, Stakeholders Profile and Corporate Governance in Geodesy, Zagreb, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, Hrvatska, 3-5.10. 2014.
Faculty of Geodesy, Zagreb..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1129

Božić B, Pejić M, Pandžić J, Erić V. Current status and trends of geodetic profession in the Republic of Serbia. in Programme and Abstracts / 1st International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference, Global Environment, Stakeholders Profile and Corporate Governance in Geodesy, Zagreb, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, Hrvatska, 3-5.10. 2014.. 2014;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1129 .

Božić, Branko, Pejić, Marko, Pandžić, Jelena, Erić, Verica, "Current status and trends of geodetic profession in the Republic of Serbia" in Programme and Abstracts / 1st International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference, Global Environment, Stakeholders Profile and Corporate Governance in Geodesy, Zagreb, Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, Hrvatska, 3-5.10. 2014. (2014),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_1129 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Šušić, Vladimir
AU  - Zečević, Snežana
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Erić, Verica
AU  - Đurić, Uroš
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1914
AB  - This paper presents two examples of advanced methods of slope imaging on the main road M-22 near the town of Ljig. The slope survey mapping for the research, design and mitigation purposes is still being done using traditional methods. With recent improvement of digital technology manual measurements can be partly eliminated. The application of 3D laser scanning and photogrammetric survey allows to discretize the slope with a large number of points, based on which a detailed 3D surface of the slope could be derived; hence, the interpretation of the details could be significantly improved. Brief description of the study and used methods. Brief description of the study and used methods.
PB  - STEF92 Technology Ltd.
C3  - Proceedings of the 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference SGEM 2013
T1  - The application of new slope survey technologies in geotechnics
EP  - 482
SP  - 475
VL  - 2
DO  - 10.5593/SGEM2013/BA1.V2/S02.062
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Šušić, Vladimir and Zečević, Snežana and Pandžić, Jelena and Erić, Verica and Đurić, Uroš",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper presents two examples of advanced methods of slope imaging on the main road M-22 near the town of Ljig. The slope survey mapping for the research, design and mitigation purposes is still being done using traditional methods. With recent improvement of digital technology manual measurements can be partly eliminated. The application of 3D laser scanning and photogrammetric survey allows to discretize the slope with a large number of points, based on which a detailed 3D surface of the slope could be derived; hence, the interpretation of the details could be significantly improved. Brief description of the study and used methods. Brief description of the study and used methods.",
publisher = "STEF92 Technology Ltd.",
journal = "Proceedings of the 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference SGEM 2013",
title = "The application of new slope survey technologies in geotechnics",
pages = "482-475",
volume = "2",
doi = "10.5593/SGEM2013/BA1.V2/S02.062"
}

Šušić, V., Zečević, S., Pandžić, J., Erić, V.,& Đurić, U.. (2013). The application of new slope survey technologies in geotechnics. in Proceedings of the 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference SGEM 2013
STEF92 Technology Ltd.., 2, 475-482.
https://doi.org/10.5593/SGEM2013/BA1.V2/S02.062

Šušić V, Zečević S, Pandžić J, Erić V, Đurić U. The application of new slope survey technologies in geotechnics. in Proceedings of the 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference SGEM 2013. 2013;2:475-482.
doi:10.5593/SGEM2013/BA1.V2/S02.062 .

Šušić, Vladimir, Zečević, Snežana, Pandžić, Jelena, Erić, Verica, Đurić, Uroš, "The application of new slope survey technologies in geotechnics" in Proceedings of the 13th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference SGEM 2013, 2 (2013):475-482,
https://doi.org/10.5593/SGEM2013/BA1.V2/S02.062 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Bajat, Branislav
AU  - Luković, Jelena
PY  - 2013
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/499
AB  - This paper presents the application of indicator kriging as a geostatistical method for the purpose of creating maps of precipitation occurrence probabilities on the territory of the Republic of Serbia for distinctive months during 2009. The difference between this approach to mapping and standard isohyetal maps, which describe precipitation intensity, lies in the fact that this approach points to the potential of the occurrence of a certain amount of precipitation at a specific location for a given time period.
AB  - U radu je dat prikaz primene geostatističke metode indikatorskog kriginga za potrebe izrade karata verovatnoća pojave kišnih padavina na teritoriji Republike Srbije za karakteristične mesece u toku 2009. godine. Razlika između ovakvog pristupa kartiranju i standardnih izohijetnih karata koje opisuju intenzitet padavina je u tome što ovaj pristup ukazuje na potencijal pojave određene količine padavina na nekoj lokaciji za dati vremenski interval.
PB  - Srpsko geografsko društvo, Beograd
T2  - Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva
T1  - Mapping probabilities of precipitation occurrence on the territory of the Republic of Serbia by the method of indicator kriging
T1  - Kartiranje verovatnoća pojave kišnih padavina na teritoriji Republike Srbije metodom indikatorskog kriginga
EP  - 40
IS  - 2
SP  - 23
VL  - 93
DO  - 10.2298/GSGD1302023P
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Pandžić, Jelena and Bajat, Branislav and Luković, Jelena",
year = "2013",
abstract = "This paper presents the application of indicator kriging as a geostatistical method for the purpose of creating maps of precipitation occurrence probabilities on the territory of the Republic of Serbia for distinctive months during 2009. The difference between this approach to mapping and standard isohyetal maps, which describe precipitation intensity, lies in the fact that this approach points to the potential of the occurrence of a certain amount of precipitation at a specific location for a given time period., U radu je dat prikaz primene geostatističke metode indikatorskog kriginga za potrebe izrade karata verovatnoća pojave kišnih padavina na teritoriji Republike Srbije za karakteristične mesece u toku 2009. godine. Razlika između ovakvog pristupa kartiranju i standardnih izohijetnih karata koje opisuju intenzitet padavina je u tome što ovaj pristup ukazuje na potencijal pojave određene količine padavina na nekoj lokaciji za dati vremenski interval.",
publisher = "Srpsko geografsko društvo, Beograd",
journal = "Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva",
title = "Mapping probabilities of precipitation occurrence on the territory of the Republic of Serbia by the method of indicator kriging, Kartiranje verovatnoća pojave kišnih padavina na teritoriji Republike Srbije metodom indikatorskog kriginga",
pages = "40-23",
number = "2",
volume = "93",
doi = "10.2298/GSGD1302023P"
}

Pandžić, J., Bajat, B.,& Luković, J.. (2013). Mapping probabilities of precipitation occurrence on the territory of the Republic of Serbia by the method of indicator kriging. in Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva
Srpsko geografsko društvo, Beograd., 93(2), 23-40.
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSGD1302023P

Pandžić J, Bajat B, Luković J. Mapping probabilities of precipitation occurrence on the territory of the Republic of Serbia by the method of indicator kriging. in Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva. 2013;93(2):23-40.
doi:10.2298/GSGD1302023P .

Pandžić, Jelena, Bajat, Branislav, Luković, Jelena, "Mapping probabilities of precipitation occurrence on the territory of the Republic of Serbia by the method of indicator kriging" in Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva, 93, no. 2 (2013):23-40,
https://doi.org/10.2298/GSGD1302023P . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pandžić, Jelena
AU  - Erić, Verica
AU  - Aleksić, Ivan R.
PY  - 2012
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/452
AB  - Geodetic network design for numerous practical applications (surveying, staking out of characteristic points of an object in construction, control of geometry of a built-up object, monitoring, etc) represents a problem which requires implementation of well-known optimization methods. Optimization aim is establishing as much accurate and reliable geodetic network as possible with as less costs as possible. Geodetic network optimization is classified into different orders but in this paper only the second order design which deals with the determination of the weights of network measurements is presented. Within the second order design it is necessary to form a criterion matrix which substitutes real covariance matrix and to define observation scheme in network. The criterion matrix is formed by using one of the correlation functions whose arguments are distances between geodetic network points. This paper presents comparative analysis of the results of the second order design of trilateration geodetic network. These results were obtained by using TK-structured criterion matrices formed by using Gaussian and Baarda’s correlation functions of point coordinates. As it was expected, Gaussian correlation function is the one that proved as a better choice because it generally adapts better to the geodetic network requirements than Baarda’s correlation function: the results obtained by using Gaussian correlation function tolerate less accurate distance measurements.
AB  - Projektovanje geodetske mreže za razne potrebe u praksi (premer, obeležavanje karakterističnih tačaka nekog objekta u izgradnji, kontrola geometrije izgrađenog objekta, monitoring, itd.) predstavlja problem koji zahteva primenu poznatih metoda optimizacije. Cilj optimizacije je uspostavljanje geodetske mreže sa što većom pouzdanošću, tačnošću i uz što manje troškove. Optimizacija projektovanja geodetskih mreža klasifikuje se u različite redove ali je u okviru rada prikazana samo optimizacija drugog reda koja podrazumeva određivanje optimalnih težina planiranih merenja u geodetskoj mreži. U okviru optimizacije drugog reda neophodno je formirati kriterijum matricu koja zamenjuje realnu kovarijacionu matricu i definisati plan opažanja u mreži. Kriterijum matrica se formira na osnovu neke korelacione funkcije koordinata tačaka čiji su argumenti dužine između tačaka geodetske mreže. U radu je izvršena uporedna analiza rezultata optimizacije drugog reda trilateracione geodetske mreže dobijenih korišćenjem kriterijum matrica TK strukture,koje su formirane na osnovu Gausove i Bardine korelacione funkcije koordinata tačaka. Kao što se i očekivalo, Gausova korelaciona funkcija se pokazala kao bolji izbor prilikom kreiranja kriterijum matrice kofaktora jer zbog njene bolje prilagodljivosti uslovima koje geodetska mreža treba da ispuni (u odnosu na Bardinu korelacionu funkciju), dobijeni odgovarajući rezultati optimizacije dopuštaju merenje dužina sa manjom tačnošću.
PB  - Savez inženjera i tehničara Srbije, Beograd
T2  - Tehnika
T1  - Second order design of geodetic network using different TK structured criterion matrices
T1  - Optimizacija drugog reda geodetske mreže korišćenjem različitih kriterijum matrica TK strukture
EP  - 536
IS  - 4
SP  - 530
VL  - 67
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_452
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Pandžić, Jelena and Erić, Verica and Aleksić, Ivan R.",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Geodetic network design for numerous practical applications (surveying, staking out of characteristic points of an object in construction, control of geometry of a built-up object, monitoring, etc) represents a problem which requires implementation of well-known optimization methods. Optimization aim is establishing as much accurate and reliable geodetic network as possible with as less costs as possible. Geodetic network optimization is classified into different orders but in this paper only the second order design which deals with the determination of the weights of network measurements is presented. Within the second order design it is necessary to form a criterion matrix which substitutes real covariance matrix and to define observation scheme in network. The criterion matrix is formed by using one of the correlation functions whose arguments are distances between geodetic network points. This paper presents comparative analysis of the results of the second order design of trilateration geodetic network. These results were obtained by using TK-structured criterion matrices formed by using Gaussian and Baarda’s correlation functions of point coordinates. As it was expected, Gaussian correlation function is the one that proved as a better choice because it generally adapts better to the geodetic network requirements than Baarda’s correlation function: the results obtained by using Gaussian correlation function tolerate less accurate distance measurements., Projektovanje geodetske mreže za razne potrebe u praksi (premer, obeležavanje karakterističnih tačaka nekog objekta u izgradnji, kontrola geometrije izgrađenog objekta, monitoring, itd.) predstavlja problem koji zahteva primenu poznatih metoda optimizacije. Cilj optimizacije je uspostavljanje geodetske mreže sa što većom pouzdanošću, tačnošću i uz što manje troškove. Optimizacija projektovanja geodetskih mreža klasifikuje se u različite redove ali je u okviru rada prikazana samo optimizacija drugog reda koja podrazumeva određivanje optimalnih težina planiranih merenja u geodetskoj mreži. U okviru optimizacije drugog reda neophodno je formirati kriterijum matricu koja zamenjuje realnu kovarijacionu matricu i definisati plan opažanja u mreži. Kriterijum matrica se formira na osnovu neke korelacione funkcije koordinata tačaka čiji su argumenti dužine između tačaka geodetske mreže. U radu je izvršena uporedna analiza rezultata optimizacije drugog reda trilateracione geodetske mreže dobijenih korišćenjem kriterijum matrica TK strukture,koje su formirane na osnovu Gausove i Bardine korelacione funkcije koordinata tačaka. Kao što se i očekivalo, Gausova korelaciona funkcija se pokazala kao bolji izbor prilikom kreiranja kriterijum matrice kofaktora jer zbog njene bolje prilagodljivosti uslovima koje geodetska mreža treba da ispuni (u odnosu na Bardinu korelacionu funkciju), dobijeni odgovarajući rezultati optimizacije dopuštaju merenje dužina sa manjom tačnošću.",
publisher = "Savez inženjera i tehničara Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "Tehnika",
title = "Second order design of geodetic network using different TK structured criterion matrices, Optimizacija drugog reda geodetske mreže korišćenjem različitih kriterijum matrica TK strukture",
pages = "536-530",
number = "4",
volume = "67",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_452"
}

Pandžić, J., Erić, V.,& Aleksić, I. R.. (2012). Second order design of geodetic network using different TK structured criterion matrices. in Tehnika
Savez inženjera i tehničara Srbije, Beograd., 67(4), 530-536.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_452

Pandžić J, Erić V, Aleksić IR. Second order design of geodetic network using different TK structured criterion matrices. in Tehnika. 2012;67(4):530-536.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_452 .

Pandžić, Jelena, Erić, Verica, Aleksić, Ivan R., "Second order design of geodetic network using different TK structured criterion matrices" in Tehnika, 67, no. 4 (2012):530-536,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_452 .