TY  - THES
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3142
AB  - The subject of this thesis is the analysis of the behavior of longitudinally unstiffened and
stiffened steel plate girders (I - girders) loaded with local load (concentrated or distributed load on a
certain length) on one flange in the plane of the girder web and determination of their ultimate load.
This case of loading often appears in practice and examples are the loads of the main girders
during the construction of bridges by launching technology, crane track loads, column-beam
connections etc.
The problem has been studied intensively for several decades, theoretically and
experimentally, with the aim of monitoring behavior and determining the ultimate strength. However,
no solutions have yet been obtained that would satisfactorily capture the complex impact of all
parameters. Recently, numerical analysis have been used often in combination with experimental
research. By using software packages based on the finite element method, it is possible to perform
more extensive parametric analysis. Thus, the influences of individual parameters can be singled out
and quantified in the best way. A similar parametric analysis was conducted in this paper.
In this research, the influence of load length and other parameters on the ultimate load capacity
of longitudinally unstiffened and stiffened steel I-beams was analyzed.
The primary goal of this study is to analyze strengthening effect, which is defined as the
relation between the ultimate capacity of longitudinally stiffened and longitudinally unstiffened
girders. The strengthening effect for different load lengths depends on the stiffness of the longitudinal
stiffeners, the web aspect ratio, web slenderness and the stiffness of the loaded flange.
The current European standard EN 1993-1-5 does not take into account the influence of the
load length on the strengthening effect. This analysis, however, shows that the strengthening effect
depends on the load length.
A formula for determining the ultimate load capacity of unstiffened and stiffened steel plate
girders, which include the influence of a number of parameters is defined.
T1  - Uticaj podužnih ukrućenja na ponašanje i graničnu nosivost limenih nosača opterećenih lokalnim opterećenjem
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3142
ER  - 

@phdthesis{
author = "Ćeranić, Aleksandar",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The subject of this thesis is the analysis of the behavior of longitudinally unstiffened and
stiffened steel plate girders (I - girders) loaded with local load (concentrated or distributed load on a
certain length) on one flange in the plane of the girder web and determination of their ultimate load.
This case of loading often appears in practice and examples are the loads of the main girders
during the construction of bridges by launching technology, crane track loads, column-beam
connections etc.
The problem has been studied intensively for several decades, theoretically and
experimentally, with the aim of monitoring behavior and determining the ultimate strength. However,
no solutions have yet been obtained that would satisfactorily capture the complex impact of all
parameters. Recently, numerical analysis have been used often in combination with experimental
research. By using software packages based on the finite element method, it is possible to perform
more extensive parametric analysis. Thus, the influences of individual parameters can be singled out
and quantified in the best way. A similar parametric analysis was conducted in this paper.
In this research, the influence of load length and other parameters on the ultimate load capacity
of longitudinally unstiffened and stiffened steel I-beams was analyzed.
The primary goal of this study is to analyze strengthening effect, which is defined as the
relation between the ultimate capacity of longitudinally stiffened and longitudinally unstiffened
girders. The strengthening effect for different load lengths depends on the stiffness of the longitudinal
stiffeners, the web aspect ratio, web slenderness and the stiffness of the loaded flange.
The current European standard EN 1993-1-5 does not take into account the influence of the
load length on the strengthening effect. This analysis, however, shows that the strengthening effect
depends on the load length.
A formula for determining the ultimate load capacity of unstiffened and stiffened steel plate
girders, which include the influence of a number of parameters is defined.",
title = "Uticaj podužnih ukrućenja na ponašanje i graničnu nosivost limenih nosača opterećenih lokalnim opterećenjem",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3142"
}

Ćeranić, A.. (2022). Uticaj podužnih ukrućenja na ponašanje i graničnu nosivost limenih nosača opterećenih lokalnim opterećenjem. .
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3142

Ćeranić A. Uticaj podužnih ukrućenja na ponašanje i graničnu nosivost limenih nosača opterećenih lokalnim opterećenjem. 2022;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3142 .

Ćeranić, Aleksandar, "Uticaj podužnih ukrućenja na ponašanje i graničnu nosivost limenih nosača opterećenih lokalnim opterećenjem" (2022),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3142 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Koprivica, Milica
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Kovačević, Saša
AU  - Salatić, Ratko
AU  - Marković, Nenad
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3046
AB  - The paper considers the influence of patch load length, flange thickness, and stiffener's characteristics
on the behaviour of steel plate girders subjected to patch loading in terms of elastic stability. The aim is
to show the dependence of the elastic critical load on the mentioned parameters, through the buckling
coefficients of the isolated web plate and steel I-girders subjected to patch loading.
The girder without transverse stiffeners in the load application zone, but with longitudinal stiffener was
analyzed. The buckling coefficients of clamped plate and I-girder are compared, and suggestions for
improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are presented. The paper gives a brief
overview of the ultimate load capacity of longitudinaly stiffened I-girders. Numerical results are
compared with the results of current standards EN1993-1-5.
The aim of this research is to single out the characteristics of the girders that have the greatest impact
on the elastic critical load. It is necessary to come up with new expressions for the calculation of the
buckling coefficient through more detailed and comprehensive analyzes. It is shown that the influence
of stiffener and flange cannot be neglected because both parameters are important.
C3  - MASE Macedonian Association of Structural Engineering
T1  - Influence of stiffener and flange on elastic critical load of i-girders subjected to patch loading
SP  - 858-865
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3046
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Koprivica, Milica and Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Kovačević, Saša and Salatić, Ratko and Marković, Nenad",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The paper considers the influence of patch load length, flange thickness, and stiffener's characteristics
on the behaviour of steel plate girders subjected to patch loading in terms of elastic stability. The aim is
to show the dependence of the elastic critical load on the mentioned parameters, through the buckling
coefficients of the isolated web plate and steel I-girders subjected to patch loading.
The girder without transverse stiffeners in the load application zone, but with longitudinal stiffener was
analyzed. The buckling coefficients of clamped plate and I-girder are compared, and suggestions for
improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are presented. The paper gives a brief
overview of the ultimate load capacity of longitudinaly stiffened I-girders. Numerical results are
compared with the results of current standards EN1993-1-5.
The aim of this research is to single out the characteristics of the girders that have the greatest impact
on the elastic critical load. It is necessary to come up with new expressions for the calculation of the
buckling coefficient through more detailed and comprehensive analyzes. It is shown that the influence
of stiffener and flange cannot be neglected because both parameters are important.",
journal = "MASE Macedonian Association of Structural Engineering",
title = "Influence of stiffener and flange on elastic critical load of i-girders subjected to patch loading",
pages = "858-865",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3046"
}

Koprivica, M., Ćeranić, A., Kovačević, S., Salatić, R.,& Marković, N.. (2022). Influence of stiffener and flange on elastic critical load of i-girders subjected to patch loading. in MASE Macedonian Association of Structural Engineering, 858-865.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3046

Koprivica M, Ćeranić A, Kovačević S, Salatić R, Marković N. Influence of stiffener and flange on elastic critical load of i-girders subjected to patch loading. in MASE Macedonian Association of Structural Engineering. 2022;:858-865.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3046 .

Koprivica, Milica, Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Kovačević, Saša, Salatić, Ratko, Marković, Nenad, "Influence of stiffener and flange on elastic critical load of i-girders subjected to patch loading" in MASE Macedonian Association of Structural Engineering (2022):858-865,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_3046 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Bendić, Milica
AU  - Kovačević, Saša
AU  - Salatić, Ratko
AU  - Marković, Nenad
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2675
AB  - The present paper aims to numerically investigate the influence of patch load length related to various geometric parameters on the patch loading resistance of steel plate girders. Geometric parameters such as the web thickness, web panel width, and flange thickness are varied in combination with flat longitudinal stiffeners with varying rigidity in determining ultimate strength for various patch load lengths. Of primary interest in this paper is the strengthening effect, defined as the ratio between the ultimate strength of longitudinally stiffened and unstiffened steel plate girders.
T2  - Journal of Constructional Steel Research
T1  - Influence of patch load length on strengthening effect in steel plate girders
VL  - 195
DO  - 10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107348
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Bendić, Milica and Kovačević, Saša and Salatić, Ratko and Marković, Nenad",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The present paper aims to numerically investigate the influence of patch load length related to various geometric parameters on the patch loading resistance of steel plate girders. Geometric parameters such as the web thickness, web panel width, and flange thickness are varied in combination with flat longitudinal stiffeners with varying rigidity in determining ultimate strength for various patch load lengths. Of primary interest in this paper is the strengthening effect, defined as the ratio between the ultimate strength of longitudinally stiffened and unstiffened steel plate girders.",
journal = "Journal of Constructional Steel Research",
title = "Influence of patch load length on strengthening effect in steel plate girders",
volume = "195",
doi = "10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107348"
}

Ćeranić, A., Bendić, M., Kovačević, S., Salatić, R.,& Marković, N.. (2022). Influence of patch load length on strengthening effect in steel plate girders. in Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 195.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107348

Ćeranić A, Bendić M, Kovačević S, Salatić R, Marković N. Influence of patch load length on strengthening effect in steel plate girders. in Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 2022;195.
doi:10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107348 .

Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Bendić, Milica, Kovačević, Saša, Salatić, Ratko, Marković, Nenad, "Influence of patch load length on strengthening effect in steel plate girders" in Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 195 (2022),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107348 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Koprivica, Milica
AU  - Kovacevic, Sasa
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Ćorić, Stanko
AU  - Marković, Nenad
PY  - 2022
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2856
AB  - The paper considers the elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to a  localized load of variable length in the plane of the web. In the current regulations, the contribution of the patch load length and the flange thickness is not considered for calculating the elastic critical load. The influence of the boundary conditions on the vertical edges of the loaded panel on the value of the buckling coefficient is presented. An improved expression for the calculation of the buckling coefficients of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders is proposed.
PB  - Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia
C3  - International Congress Proceedings, Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 16. Congress
T1  - Elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading
EP  - 177
SP  - 168
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2856
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Koprivica, Milica and Kovacevic, Sasa and Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Ćorić, Stanko and Marković, Nenad",
year = "2022",
abstract = "The paper considers the elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to a  localized load of variable length in the plane of the web. In the current regulations, the contribution of the patch load length and the flange thickness is not considered for calculating the elastic critical load. The influence of the boundary conditions on the vertical edges of the loaded panel on the value of the buckling coefficient is presented. An improved expression for the calculation of the buckling coefficients of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders is proposed.",
publisher = "Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia",
journal = "International Congress Proceedings, Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 16. Congress",
title = "Elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading",
pages = "177-168",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2856"
}

Koprivica, M., Kovacevic, S., Ćeranić, A., Ćorić, S.,& Marković, N.. (2022). Elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading. in International Congress Proceedings, Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 16. Congress
Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia., 168-177.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2856

Koprivica M, Kovacevic S, Ćeranić A, Ćorić S, Marković N. Elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading. in International Congress Proceedings, Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 16. Congress. 2022;:168-177.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2856 .

Koprivica, Milica, Kovacevic, Sasa, Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Ćorić, Stanko, Marković, Nenad, "Elastic critical load of longitudinally unstiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading" in International Congress Proceedings, Association of Structural Engineers of Serbia, 16. Congress (2022):168-177,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2856 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bendić, Milica
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Kovačević, Saša
AU  - Salatić, Ratko
AU  - Marković, Nenad
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2573
AB  - The paper considers the elastic critical (buckling) load of steel I-girders subjected to patch loading in the plane of the web. The analysis of the influence of the load length and thickness of the flange on the elastic critical load of the girder without transverse and longitudinal stiffeners in the load application zone was performed. The buckling coefficients for the web of the I-girders were determined and compared with the values of the buckling coefficient of isolated clamped
plates. Suggestions for improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are given.
C3  - Zbornik radova sa nacionalnog kongresa DGKS / Društvо građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, 13-15.maj 2021, Aranđelovac, 2021, 473-482
T1  - Elastic critical load of the web of I-girders subjected to patch loading
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2573
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bendić, Milica and Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Kovačević, Saša and Salatić, Ratko and Marković, Nenad",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The paper considers the elastic critical (buckling) load of steel I-girders subjected to patch loading in the plane of the web. The analysis of the influence of the load length and thickness of the flange on the elastic critical load of the girder without transverse and longitudinal stiffeners in the load application zone was performed. The buckling coefficients for the web of the I-girders were determined and compared with the values of the buckling coefficient of isolated clamped
plates. Suggestions for improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are given.",
journal = "Zbornik radova sa nacionalnog kongresa DGKS / Društvо građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, 13-15.maj 2021, Aranđelovac, 2021, 473-482",
title = "Elastic critical load of the web of I-girders subjected to patch loading",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2573"
}

Bendić, M., Ćeranić, A., Kovačević, S., Salatić, R.,& Marković, N.. (2021). Elastic critical load of the web of I-girders subjected to patch loading. in Zbornik radova sa nacionalnog kongresa DGKS / Društvо građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, 13-15.maj 2021, Aranđelovac, 2021, 473-482.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2573

Bendić M, Ćeranić A, Kovačević S, Salatić R, Marković N. Elastic critical load of the web of I-girders subjected to patch loading. in Zbornik radova sa nacionalnog kongresa DGKS / Društvо građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, 13-15.maj 2021, Aranđelovac, 2021, 473-482. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2573 .

Bendić, Milica, Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Kovačević, Saša, Salatić, Ratko, Marković, Nenad, "Elastic critical load of the web of I-girders subjected to patch loading" in Zbornik radova sa nacionalnog kongresa DGKS / Društvо građevinskih konstruktera Srbije, 13-15.maj 2021, Aranđelovac, 2021, 473-482 (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2573 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Bendić, Milica
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Kovačević, Saša
AU  - Salatić, Ratko
AU  - Marković, Nenad
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2591
AB  - Summary: The paper considers the elastic critical load of the isolated web plate and steel
I-girders subjected to patch loading. The girder without transverse stiffeners in the load
application zone, but with longitudinal stiffeners was analyzed. The influence of the load
length, flange thickness and stiffener thickness on the buckling coefficient is obtained. The
buckling coefficients of clamped plate and I-girder are compared, and suggestions for
improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are presented.
Кeywords: elastic critical load, buckling coefficient, patch loading
C3  - 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Contemporary achievements in civil engineering, Subotica, Serbia, 2021, 153-161
T1  - Elastic critical load of stiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading
DO  - 10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.13
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Bendić, Milica and Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Kovačević, Saša and Salatić, Ratko and Marković, Nenad",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Summary: The paper considers the elastic critical load of the isolated web plate and steel
I-girders subjected to patch loading. The girder without transverse stiffeners in the load
application zone, but with longitudinal stiffeners was analyzed. The influence of the load
length, flange thickness and stiffener thickness on the buckling coefficient is obtained. The
buckling coefficients of clamped plate and I-girder are compared, and suggestions for
improving the EN1993-1-5 patch loading resistance model are presented.
Кeywords: elastic critical load, buckling coefficient, patch loading",
journal = "8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Contemporary achievements in civil engineering, Subotica, Serbia, 2021, 153-161",
title = "Elastic critical load of stiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading",
doi = "10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.13"
}

Bendić, M., Ćeranić, A., Kovačević, S., Salatić, R.,& Marković, N.. (2021). Elastic critical load of stiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading. in 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Contemporary achievements in civil engineering, Subotica, Serbia, 2021, 153-161.
https://doi.org/10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.13

Bendić M, Ćeranić A, Kovačević S, Salatić R, Marković N. Elastic critical load of stiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading. in 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Contemporary achievements in civil engineering, Subotica, Serbia, 2021, 153-161. 2021;.
doi:10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.13 .

Bendić, Milica, Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Kovačević, Saša, Salatić, Ratko, Marković, Nenad, "Elastic critical load of stiffened I-girders subjected to patch loading" in 8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Contemporary achievements in civil engineering, Subotica, Serbia, 2021, 153-161 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.14415/konferencijaGFS2021.13 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kovačević, Saša
AU  - Marković, Nenad
AU  - Ćeranić, Aleksandar
AU  - Bendić, Milica
PY  - 2021
UR  - https://grafar.grf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2592
AB  - The paper reports a numerical investigation and determination of unfavorable geometric imperfection shapes in steel plate girders subjected to concentrated compressive forces by means of the ultimate limit state. This load case is present in many engineering applications, including beam-beam and beam-column connections, deep crane runway beams loaded by crane wheels, and during the incremental launching of multi-span steel and composite bridges over temporary or permanent supports. A parametric imperfection-sensitivity study has been performed on I-shaped steel plate girders employing geometrically and materially nonlinear finite element analysis. Experimentally measured, buckling mode-affine, and hand defined sinusoidal geometric imperfections were varied in the study in combination with varying patch load lengths and relative stiffnesses of the longitudinal stiffener. It is shown in the paper that geometric imperfections can play a decisive role and significantly affect the ultimate strength of longitudinally unstiffened and stiffened steel plate girders. Unfavorable geometric imperfection shapes in steel plate girders subjected to edge loading are governed by the patch load length and the relative stiffness of the longitudinal stiffener. Different unfavorable geometric imperfections were found for different patch load lengths and relative stiffnesses. Local geometric imperfections defined in the upper web sub-panel yield lower ultimate strengths than global geometric imperfections (defined over the whole web depth). The lowest ultimate strengths were returned for geometric imperfections that resembled the deformation at collapse (collapse-affine imperfections). Further research should focus on finding an equivalent shape that resembles the deformation at failure for different patch load lengths and girder characteristics.
C3  - Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council Louisville, Kentucky, April 13-16, 2021
T1  - Unfavorable imperfection shapes in steel plate girders for web local crippling
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2592
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kovačević, Saša and Marković, Nenad and Ćeranić, Aleksandar and Bendić, Milica",
year = "2021",
abstract = "The paper reports a numerical investigation and determination of unfavorable geometric imperfection shapes in steel plate girders subjected to concentrated compressive forces by means of the ultimate limit state. This load case is present in many engineering applications, including beam-beam and beam-column connections, deep crane runway beams loaded by crane wheels, and during the incremental launching of multi-span steel and composite bridges over temporary or permanent supports. A parametric imperfection-sensitivity study has been performed on I-shaped steel plate girders employing geometrically and materially nonlinear finite element analysis. Experimentally measured, buckling mode-affine, and hand defined sinusoidal geometric imperfections were varied in the study in combination with varying patch load lengths and relative stiffnesses of the longitudinal stiffener. It is shown in the paper that geometric imperfections can play a decisive role and significantly affect the ultimate strength of longitudinally unstiffened and stiffened steel plate girders. Unfavorable geometric imperfection shapes in steel plate girders subjected to edge loading are governed by the patch load length and the relative stiffness of the longitudinal stiffener. Different unfavorable geometric imperfections were found for different patch load lengths and relative stiffnesses. Local geometric imperfections defined in the upper web sub-panel yield lower ultimate strengths than global geometric imperfections (defined over the whole web depth). The lowest ultimate strengths were returned for geometric imperfections that resembled the deformation at collapse (collapse-affine imperfections). Further research should focus on finding an equivalent shape that resembles the deformation at failure for different patch load lengths and girder characteristics.",
journal = "Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council Louisville, Kentucky, April 13-16, 2021",
title = "Unfavorable imperfection shapes in steel plate girders for web local crippling",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2592"
}

Kovačević, S., Marković, N., Ćeranić, A.,& Bendić, M.. (2021). Unfavorable imperfection shapes in steel plate girders for web local crippling. in Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council Louisville, Kentucky, April 13-16, 2021.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2592

Kovačević S, Marković N, Ćeranić A, Bendić M. Unfavorable imperfection shapes in steel plate girders for web local crippling. in Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council Louisville, Kentucky, April 13-16, 2021. 2021;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2592 .

Kovačević, Saša, Marković, Nenad, Ćeranić, Aleksandar, Bendić, Milica, "Unfavorable imperfection shapes in steel plate girders for web local crippling" in Proceedings of the Annual Stability Conference Structural Stability Research Council Louisville, Kentucky, April 13-16, 2021 (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_grafar_2592 .