Optimization of water allocation from a multipurpose reservoir

Abstract

The ever increasing water demand in conditions of divergent variability of both natural flows and water requirements can only be met by finding new water sources, combined with the building of new water storage reservoirs. It should be noted that existing reservoirs need often to be adapted for multiple water uses. The achievement of such goals requires an increased rationality of water uses, including the optimization of water allocation by developing a set of optimal operational decisions, taking into account the variability of hydrologic inputs, water requirements, operational objectives and other constraints. The paper presents a simulation and optimization model for the operation of a multipurpose reservoir aimed for water supply and irrigation, in which water is allocated to the users on the ground of optimal-rule curves obtained from simulated long hydrologic series.

Stalno rastuće potrebe za vodom i vremenska neravnomernost dotoka i potrebe za vodom mogu se zadovoljiti jedino otvaranjem novih izvorišta vode i izgradnjom novih akumulacija. Takođe, javlja se i potreba da postojeće akumulacije postanu višenamenske. Sve ovo iziskuje izuzetan stepen racionalnosti u korišćenju vode, što nameće potrebu optimizacije upravljanja isporukom vode kojom će se doći do skupa najboljih pravila upravljanja za dati hidrološki ulaz, stanja u akumulaciji, zahteve korisnika i ostala ograničenja. U ovom radu prikazan je model upravljanja višenamenskom akumulacijom iz koje se voda zahvata za potrebe vodosnabdevanja i navodnjavanja, u kome se raspodela vode prema potrošačima vrši na osnovu pravila upravljanja formiranih pomoću generisanih dugačkih hidroloških nizova.