Metodologije za ocenu podužne ravnosti aerodromskih površina namenjenih kretanju vazduhoplova

Abstract

Kao značajan pokazatelj stanja aerodromskih saobraćajnih površina podužna ravnost, bitno utiče na udobnost i bezbednost putnika i članova posade pri kretanju aviona po manevarskim površinama i poletno-sletnoj stazi aerodroma, zbog čega je lociranje neravnih zona i njihova što brža sanacija jedan od glavnih zadataka pri upravljanju aerodromskom infrastrukturom. Za ocenu stanja ravnosti dostupno je nekoliko različitih metodologija. Neke od njih, kao što je određivanje indeksa IRI (International Roughness Index), preuzete su iz prakse na drumskim saobraćajnicama. Kompanija Boing (Boeing) je razvila metodologiju koja uzima u obzir razlike u konstrukciji aviona i drumskih vozila i ta metodologija se nalazi u okviru standarda ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization). Pored toga, razvijaju se i programi, koji pomoću matematičkih modela, simuliraju kretanje aviona po merenom profilu i na taj način određuju parametre koji ukazuju na stepen ravnosti površine. U ovom radu su prikazane navedene metode, kao i njihova primena na konkretnom primeru poletno-sletne staze.

As a significant indicator of the condition of airport surfaces, the longitudinal roughness significantly affects the comfort and safety of passengers and crew members when navigating the airplanes on the airport taxiways and runways, which is why the location of uneven zones and their prompt rehabilitation is one of main tasks in managing the airport infrastructure. Several different methodologies are available to assess the pavement surface roughness. Some of them, such as the International Roughness Index (IRI), have been taken from road practices. Boing has developed a methodology that takes into account differences in the design of aircraft and road vehicles and this methodology is specified within the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) standard. In addition, various softwares are being developed which, using mathematical models, simulate aircraft movement along the measured profile, and thus determine the parameters related to longitudinal roughness of the surface. This paper presents the methods and their application on a concrete example of an airport runway pavement.