Possibility of Landsat 7 Sattelite Images in Lithological and Structural Research of Arid Terrain, Illustrated on Djebel Tammeda in Algeria

Abstract

Structural analysis Djebel Tammeda performed on Landsat 7 satellite image obtained with ETM+ sensor (Enhanced Thematic Mapper). This sensor gives images in seven channels, which cover visible and infrared noise spectrum with 30 m resolution and panchromatic image with 15 m resolution. For analysis we used part of image which belongs to the scene number from 197th orbit, 37th row in WRS (World Reference System). Processing, analysis and graphic process we performed with software package TNTmips in Remote Sensing Centre - Faculty for Mining and Geology; Belgrade University. Visualization and restoring images to the quality level for acquisition of geological data, principally structural analysis, performed with image proceeding process. With region boundaries definition of examined image, its extraction and georeferencing into a chosen coordinate system we performed removal of image geometry deformation. We performed image enhancement with rising contrast of “nearest neighbors” pixels and with rising of image resolution from 30 m up to 15 m, with usage of panchromatic image. Image prepared on this way we used for geological analysis and interpretation. Geological analysis performed visually, noticing attribute differences between regions and its secession. Standard criteria used for geological analysis: geomorphologic characteristic, soil color, vegetation and structural characteristics. Analyzing constitution of terrain, we identify folds and ruptures, their spatial position and its correlation. With geological analysis, we also identify geological units with different litology and geological age. Results of analysis re shown with: map, image and 3D model. For 3D model is used digitally elevation model (DEM) of terrain