Energy efficiency of typical Serbian rural houses

Abstract

The energy efficiency of typical rural houses in Serbia is presented in this paper. Typical houses from rural areas were analyzed by proper measurements, and by numerical calculations according to current regulations. The first house is a traditional Vojvodina house and it is situated in the suburban part of municipality of Sremska Mitrovica. The second house is a typical Serbian mountainous house and it is located in the municipality of Ra{ka. Experimental data for the analysis were obtained by performing measurements of temperature, humidity and dew point on the characteristic spots in these houses. Recording with thermal imaging camera were also done. Detailed insight in energy performance of observed houses can be defined by analyzing obtained results. Calculation of the annual energy needs for heating is based on the Regulations on energy efficiency of buildings in the Republic of Serbia, which were adopted in 2011. It was concluded that the annual energy need for heating in rural homes significantly exceeds optimal limits for objects of that category, so the special attention should be devoted to analysis of energy efficiency problems in rural areas.

U ovom radu je prikazano trenutno stanje energetske efikasnosti seoskih kuća u Srbiji. Analizirane su dva tipa kuća iz ruralnih područja putem odgovarajućih merenja, kao i proračunom prema važećim propisima. Prva je tradicionalna vojvođanska kuća koja se nalazi u predgrađu Sremske Mitrovice. Druga je tipična kuća u brdsko-planinskom regionu Srbije i ona se nalazi u opštini Raška. Eksperimentalni podaci za analizu su dobijeni izvršenim merenjima temperature, vlažnosti i tačke rošenja na karakterističnim mestima na objektima. Takođe je obavljeno i snimanje termovizijskom kamerom. Analizom rezultata merenja, može se definisati detaljna slika energetskih karakteristika posmatranih kuća. Proračun godišnje potrebne energije za grejanje je zasnovan na Pravilniku o energetskoj efikasnosti zgrada u Republici Srbiji koji je usvojen 2011. godine. Zaključeno je da godišnja potrošnja energije za grejanje u seoskim kućama znatno prevazilazi utvrđene optimalne granice za objekte te kategorije, tako da posebna pažnja treba da se posveti analizi problema energetske efikasnosti u ruralnim područjima.