The measurement of inclination on gravity concrete dams using the tiltmeter instrument

Abstract

The measurement of inclination on gravity concrete dams using the instrument tiltmeter is described and discussed with special reference on obtained results on the dam 'Đerdap 2' acquired in the three years period. Tiltmetar way of operation is presented both through physical principle of vibrating wire sensors and through described design of the instrument. The influence of the temperature on the measurement of the slope is specially emphasized and presented through temperature correction. Processing the results of real inclination measurements on the dam 'Đerdap 2' with and without temperature correction showed the significant difference. Statistical analysis of measurement data consisted of performed regression analysis and forming of corresponding series with the expected measurement values depending on environmental conditions. At the end we give a summary conclusion on the instrument, the influence of temperature on the measurement and statistical model.

U ovom radu prikazuje se način merenja nagiba kod gravitacionih betonskih brana primenom instrumenta tiltmetar, teorijski i preko opisa praktičnih merenja na brani 'Đerdap 2'. U prvom delu se objašnjava princip na kojem radi instrument tiltmetar i način na koji se vrši merenje nagiba primenom ovog instrumenta. Uticaj temperature na merenje nagiba je posebno razmatran kroz uvođenje temperaturske korekcije. U drugom delu se prikazuje obrada rezultata realnih merenja nagiba na jednom od instrumenata na brani 'Đerdap 2' sa i bez temperaturske korekcije. U trećem delu se prikazuje statistička obrada podataka merenja, u okviru koje se vrši regresiona analiza rezultata merenja i formiraju odgovarajuće serije sa očekivanim vrednostima merenja u zavisnosti od spoljašnjih uslova. Na kraju daje se sumarni zaključak o instrumentu, uticaju temperture na merenje i statistički model.